Risk Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms Among High School Students in China
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/20dyvv69Keywords:
Psychology, Chinese high school students, depressive symptoms, academic pressure, family relationships, social supports.Abstract
Addressing the problem related to increasing rate of depression and high suicide rates among teenagers in China, the aim of this research is to examine the potential risk factors associated with depressive symptoms among Chinese high school students that is a special age group within China’s population. The goal is to let more people realize this problem and better for schools and communities to come up with suitable or appropriate solutions for it. This can benefit the high school students’ group as a whole. In this research, qualitative research method was being used. By doing a detailed literature review, I specifically put all the results into three category that are representative and determined three risk factors which include academic pressure, family relationship problems and lack of social supports.
Downloads
References
Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37(2), 122–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122
Bandura, A., & Schunk, D. H. (1981). Cultivating competence, self-efficacy, and intrinsic interest through proximal self-motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41(3), 586–598. https://doi.org/ 10.1037/0022-3514.41.3.586
Benight, C. C., & Bandura, A. (2004). Social cognitive theory of posttraumatic recovery: the role of perceived self-efficacy. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42(10), 1129–1148. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.brat.2003.08.008
Benson, P. L. (2002). Adolescent development in social and community context: A program of research. New Directions for Youth Development, 2002(95), 123–148. https://doi.org/10.1002/yd.19
Benson, P. L., Scales, P. C., & Syvertsen, A. K. (2011, January 1). Chapter 8 - The contribution of the developmental assets framework to positive youth development theory and practice (R. M. Lerner, J. V. Lerner, & J. B. Benson, Eds.). ScienceDirect; JAI. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/ B9780123864925000087
Calsyn, R. J., & Winter, J. P. (2002). Social support, psychiatric symptoms, and housing: A causal analysis. Journal of Community Psychology, 30(3), 247–259. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.10004
Chang, C.-W., Yuan, R., & Chen, J.-K. (2018). Social support and depression among Chinese adolescents: The mediating roles of self-esteem and self-efficacy. Children and Youth Services Review, 88, 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.03.001
Chen, R., An, J., & Ou, J. (2018). Suicidal behaviour among children and adolescents in China. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2(8), 551–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2352-4642(18)30170-6
Guo, L., Deng, J., He, Y., Deng, X., Huang, J., Huang, G., Gao, X., & Lu, C. (2014). Prevalence and correlates of sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional survey study. BMJ Open, 4(7), e005517–e005517. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005517
Hu, J., & Ai, H. (2014). Self-esteem mediates the effect of the parent–adolescent relationship on depression. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(6), 897–904. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314541315
Kaniasty, K., & Norris, F. H. (2008). Longitudinal linkages between perceived social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms: Sequential roles of social causation and social selection. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 21(3), 274–281. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20334
Kim, J. E., & Nesselroade, J. R. (2003). Relationships among social support, self-concept, and wellbeing of older adults: A study of process using dynamic factor models. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27(1), 49–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650250244000010
Lakey, B., & Cohen, S. (2000). Social Support Measurement and Intervention (S. Cohen, L. G. Underwood, & B. H. Gottlieb, Eds.). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/ 9780195126709.001.0001
Lee, C., Dickson, D. A., Conley, C. S., & Holmbeck, G. N. (2014). A Closer Look at Self-Esteem, Perceived Social Support, and Coping Strategy: A Prospective Study of Depressive Symptomatology Across the Transition to College. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33(6), 560–585. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2014.33.6.560
National institutes of health. (2019, January 14). Physical activity may reduce depression symptoms. National Institutes of Health (NIH). https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/physical-activity-helps-reduce-depression-symptoms
Needham, B. L. (2007). Reciprocal relationships between symptoms of depression and parental support during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 37(8), 893–905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-007-9181-7
Record 13M Chinese take world’s toughest college entrance exam | english.scio.gov.cn. (n.d.). English.scio.gov.cn. http://english.scio.gov.cn/chinavoices/2023-06/07/content_86585539.htm
Ren, P., Qin, X., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, R. (2018). Is Social Support a Cause or Consequence of Depression? A Longitudinal Study of Adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg. 2018.01634
Rosenfeld, L. B., Richman, J. M., & Bowen, G. L. (2000). Social Support Networks and School Outcomes: The Centrality of the Teacher. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 17(3), 205–226. https://doi.org/ 10.1023/a:1007535930286
Rothon, C., Edwards, P., Bhui, K., Viner, R. M., Taylor, S., & Stansfeld, S. A. (2010). Physical activity and depressive symptoms in adolescents: a prospective study. BMC Medicine, 8, 32. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/1741-7015-8-32
Saltzman, K. M., & Holahan, C. J. (2002). Social Support, Self-efficacy, And Depressive Symptoms: An Integrative Model. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 21(3), 309–322. https://doi.org/10.1521/ jscp.21.3.309.22531
Symister, P., & Friend, R. (2003). The influence of social support and problematic support on optimism and depression in chronic illness: a prospective study evaluating self-esteem as a mediator. Health Psychology: Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 22(2), 123–129. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-6133.22.2.123
Tang, X., Tang, S., Ren, Z., & Wong, D. F. K. (2019). Prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescents in secondary school in mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 245, 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.043
Turner, R. J., Turner, J. B., & Hale, W. B. (2014). Social relationships and social support. In R. J. Johnson, R. J. Turner, & B. G. Link (Eds.). Sociology of mental health: Selected topics from 40 years 1970s–2010s (pp. 1–20). New York, NY: Springer.
Wang, C., Ni, H., Ding, Y., & Yi, C. (2015). Chinese teachers’ perceptions of the roles and functions of school psychological service providers in Beijing. School Psychology International, 36, 77- 93. doi:10.1177/0143034314560623
Windle, M. (1992). Temperament and social support in adolescence: Interrelations with depressive symptoms and delinquent behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 21(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01536980
Wu, J., Zheng, R., 2007. The Relationship among Senior Students‘ Personality Traits, Coping Style, Parent-adolescent Communication, Social Support and Their Depression. Chinese Journal of Health Psychology 15, 1101-1103.
Xiang, M.-Q., Tan, X.-M., Sun, J., Yang, H.-Y., Zhao, X.-P., Liu, L., Hou, X.-H., & Hu, M. (2020). Relationship of Physical Activity With Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Chinese College Students During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.582436
Xu, J., Zhang, Y., Zhan, W., Wang, J., Dai, Y., Zhang, L., 2016. Mediating Role of Social Support in the Adolescent Parent-child Communication and Social Adaptation. Chinese Journal of Health Psychology 24, 65-68.
Xu, Z., Su, H., Zou, Y., Chen, J., Wu, J., & Chang, W. (2011). Sleep quality of Chinese adolescents: Distribution and its associated factors. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 48(2), 138–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2011.02065.x
Yap, M. B. H., & Jorm, A. F. (2015). Parental factors associated with childhood anxiety, depression, and internalizing problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 175(175), 424–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.050
Zhen, R., Quan, L., & Zhou, X. (2018). How does social support relieve depression among flood victims? The contribution of feelings of safety, self-disclosure, and negative cognition. Journal of Affective Disorders, 229, 186–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.087
Zhu, X., Haegele, J. A., Liu, H., & Yu, F. (2021). Academic Stress, Physical Activity, Sleep, and Mental Health among Chinese Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(14), 7257. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147257
Downloads
Published
Conference Proceedings Volume
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.