Solving The Thermal Runaway Problem of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are emerging due to the pursuit of clean energy world. This paper synthesizes the research results related to the thermal runaway problem of LIBs and their thermal management solutions. Firstly, the structure and working principle of LIBs are introduced, and then the concept, cause, and mechanism of thermal runaway are analyzed. The advantages and limitations of different thermal management methods, including air cooling, liquid cooling, heat pipe cooling, phase change material cooling, and composite method cooling, are analyzed and compared in detail. Suggestions are made to develop appropriate thermal management strategies based on battery pack specifications and operating environments and in conjunction with economic benefits. Finally, it is proposed that future research can consider combining intelligent control technology to realize real-time monitoring, regulation, and early warning of the temperature of the battery system to improve the safety and stability of the system. Future opportunities and challenges in this exciting field are highlighted.