A Review of Research on the Function of Red Literature and Art in Ideological and Political Education during the Liberation War

: The birth of red literature and art is closely related to the revolution, construction and reform led by the CPC. The function of ideological and political education of red literature and art has helped the Party to achieve great achievements in various periods. In the final stage of the Chinese Revolutionary War - the Liberation War period, it is even more necessary for red literature and art to play a role in ideological and political education. At present, the academic community has conducted extensive research on the theoretical issues related to the ideological and political education function of red literature and art during the War of Liberation, and has achieved certain results, but still needs to be deepened.


Introduction
In recent years, the domestic academic community has paid more attention to the research on the carriers of ideological and political education during the War of Liberation. Currently, research on the functions of red literature and political education during the War of Liberation can be roughly divided into the following categories:

Research on the Concept of Red
Literature and Art Works (1) A Study on the Political Symbolic Symbols of "Red" Red "is the most basic color term in Chinese characters, which contains rich cultural connotations in Chinese culture. Red originally refers to red silk fabrics, which later developed into the basic color term for "red". After thousands of years of cultural development and historical sedimentation, "red" in China has taken on a special cultural significance and become a political symbol.
Scholars have studied the reasons why red has become a political symbol. First, from the perspective of revolution and history: the rise of the communist trend of thought in the middle of the 19th century, the symbolic meaning of "revolution" in the international communist movement, the national liberation movement and the socialist movement was highlighted, and red became the natural color of revolution [1].Second, from the perspective of red giving people the sense: Zhang Gai believed that red had a great impact on the vision, making people excited and inspiring, which was consistent with the passion and fighting spirit of the proletariat. The progressiveness and revolutionary nature of the proletariat made red become a political symbol. [2]Thirdly, from the perspective of historical environment: Dai Jingli proposed that the combination of "red" with strong revolutionary, political, and class colors with the Chinese historical environment has been endowed with political and cultural connotations. [3] The CPC has been inextricably linked with "red" since its establishment. When referring to the Communist Party, it will be associated with the red gene of the CPC. Red has become a political symbol.
(2) Research on Literature and Art Works In "Cihai", the interpretation of literature and art is a general term for literature and art, which refers to the art of using language to shape images to reflect social life and express the author's thoughts and emotions in modern times. Therefore, it is also known as "language art". Liu Xiaozhe starts with the concepts of "literature" and "art" and believes that there are two interpretations of "literature and art". Firstly, he understands "literature and art" as a phrase with a biased structure, that is, "literature is an artistic form", which is a total score relationship; The second is to understand "literature and art" as a coordinate structure phrase, that is, "literature plus art", which is a coordinate relationship. [4]Literary and artistic works are conceptual forms, products of a certain social life reflected in the human mind. [5]Yao Wenfang's analysis pointed out that people did not involve the receiver in the concept of literary and artistic works in the past, and could not reveal many important connotations of literary and artistic works. Therefore, he proposed the formula: work=text+knowledge and experience of the receiver. [6] The academic community has conducted in-depth research on "literature and art" and "literary works". Literature and art are collectively referred to as literature and art, originating from life, drawn from life, and processed into literary works through certain artistic processes. They exist in material form and belong to the spiritual realm. (

3) Research on the Concept Formation of Red Literature and Art
There is currently no accurate and authoritative definition of red literature in the academic community. There are many interpretations of academic concepts related to red literature, such as "red literature," "red culture," and "red classics." Understanding these concepts is also helpful for understanding red literature. Cao Lin defines red literature from a temporal perspective, believing that red literature works are literary works created by revolutionaries during the long revolutionary war era. [7]Li Shuidi points out that red culture is not only a cultural form, but also an ideological achievement. It is an organic integration of the red meaning in China's millennium history and the thought of social history practice. [8]In addition, Qu Changgen broadly defines red culture as the sum of human progressive civilizations formed in the world socialist and communist movements; In a narrow sense, it refers to the total material and spiritual wealth created by the CPC under the guidance of Marxism in the process of revolution, construction and reform. [9] Red literature and art is engraved with the lofty ideals and firm beliefs of the CPC. [10]Fan Yugang understands and interprets the modernity connotation of the red literary classics from four dimensions: historical, aesthetic, people's, and artistic. [11]Chen Shirun pointed out that red culture is the embodiment of socialist core values, and red literary works are the carrier of inheriting red culture and cultivating socialist core values. [12] Red literature and art cannot do without the word "red". Therefore, red literature and art works must have a red imprint, including red genes, which can condense the great spirit that the Party has led the people to embody in the process of revolution, construction, and reform since its establishment.

Research on the Ideological and Political Education Function of Red Literature and Art
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1) A Study on Why Red Literature and Art Can Play the Function of Ideological and Political Education
Mao Zedong clearly pointed out at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium that we should make literature and art a powerful weapon for uniting the people, educating the people, attacking the enemy, and eliminating the enemy. [13]Here, we emphasize the educational function of literature and art.These discussions fully demonstrate that literature and art have the function of ideological and political education, which can better consolidate consensus and gather strength.
Many scholars have also discussed why literature and art can play a role in ideological and political education. One is from the perspective of ideological and political education carriers: Chen Wanbai proposed that literary works are an important carrier in the education process, and ideological and political education can improve ideological and moral qualities through the use of literary and artistic carriers. [14]Secondly, from the perspective of literary and artistic carriers: Yao Yingchun conducted a systematic research on the literary and artistic carriers of ideological and political education by adopting a comprehensive approach and approach, combining various aspects such as philosophy, literary and artistic studies, aesthetics, and ideological and political education. [15]Thirdly, from the perspective of the dialectical relationship between ideological and political education and literary and artistic work: Zhang Xu believes that learning literary works is interconnected with ideological and political education. Literary works are the carrier and medium of ideological and political education, and ideological and political education expands the spatial field of literary works. [16]Wang Shurong and Wang Jinting pointed out that the three dimensions of ideological and political education in red literature and art are to adhere to a correct historical view, consolidate social value consensus, and serve as a carrier for exerting the function of educating people. [17] (2) Research on the Ideological and Political Education Function of Red Literature and Art Institute Regarding the ideological and political education functions of red literature and art, some scholars have studied the red literature and art during the Yan'an period and summarized four functions of ideological and political education: firstly, the political mobilization function plays an important role in achieving social identity and mobilizing the masses to participate in the revolution; The second is the incentive function, which provides strong spiritual power for economic construction; The third is the value leading function, which effectively promotes the improvement of the ideological and moral qualities of the people; The fourth is the social coordination function, which provides intellectual support for the development of social undertakings in the local ruling areas of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region. [18]Wei Yi proposed that the Red Literature and Art Classics record the historical achievements created by the Party and the people, carry the historical memory and emotional strength of the Chinese people, and showcase the spiritual outlook of the Chinese people. [19]Zhao Lin's research on the literary works of the "Four Histories" has educational functions in universities, such as inspiring students' thoughts, shaping healthy aesthetics, and stimulating patriotism. [20]Liu Yunqing pointed out that ideological and political education workers should be good at using literary and artistic means, and literary and artistic workers should undertake the mission of educating people through literature. [21]The above discussion fully proves the ideological and political education function of literary and artistic works. The research on the ideological and political education function of a specific literary form mainly focuses on red literature, red films, red songs, etc. One is the study of the ideological and political education function of red literature. Liu Xiaozhe pointed out that the function of literary works is to some extent related to their unique social function and the disciplinary perspective of ideological and political education. Literature has the function of ideological and political education. The second is the research on the ideological and political education functions of the main theme film and red film and television. Scholars have analyzed the publication status, research strength, research evolution, and research hotspots in the field of red film and television research in China from 1992 to 2019, pointing out that the adaptation, creation, value transmission, educational functions, and implementation paths of red film and television are research hotspots in China. [22]Wang Haijun explored the value of red songs in the construction of the revolutionary discourse of the CPC: red songs have made great contributions to the political mobilization, propaganda and education of the army and the people in the base areas, to the final victory of the New Democracy Revolution, and to the development and prosperity of China's music culture and education after the founding of New China. [23] Zhang Mingle analyzed the ideological and political education role of art works: firstly, it reveals the inevitable trend of social development, rings the alarm for the world; secondly, it criticizes the inaction of the ruling class, and plays a role in propaganda, education, and inspiring. [24] Scholars' research has shown that literature and art undoubtedly have the function of ideological and political education. Literature and art needs to be rooted in the characteristics of the people, requiring it to become a medium for the connection between subject and object, to spread new ideas and concepts in a form that the people enjoy, and to subtly influence the actions of the people.
(3) A Study on the Path to Exert the Function of Red Literature and Art Ideological and Political Education Red literature and art can play a role in ideological and political education, but many scholars have also conducted research on how to make red literature and art play a more efficient and targeted role in ideological and political education.
Regarding the path research on the function of red literature in ideological and political education, Xue Lili proposes several suggestions on how to leverage the value of red literature in ideological and political education in universities: firstly, to strengthen ideological guidance, secondly, to strengthen the cultivation of humanistic values, and thirdly, to optimize the content of ideological and political education. [25]Zhang Xu proposed to enhance the humanistic literacy of ideological and political educators and educators, utilize the artistic and life oriented educational carrier resources and functions of literary works, and utilize the humanized moral education target resources and functions of literary works. [26]Regarding the path research of the ideological and political education function of red film and television works, Ren Yungao explored that the path of integrating red film and television works into college students' value education lies in enhancing the elegance, fun, and expressive power of red film and television works. [27]Cheng Jing and Shen Xinxin explored the selection strategy and application mode methods of red film and television resources. The selection strategy of red film and television resources lies in respecting historicity, covering comprehensiveness, valuing classics, and being close to the masses. The application mode and methods of red film and television resources include problem-based teaching, improving material libraries, combining multiple materials, and dialectical thinking.
Whether the ideological and political education function of red literature and art can be fully realized, and the development and utilization of red literature and art resources for education and education is a long way to go. Therefore, it is necessary to master reasonable strategies for the development and selection of red literature and art, making it an important opportunity for ideological and moral improvement.

Research on the Ideological and Political Education Function of Red Literature and Art during the Liberation War
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1) Research on Ideological and Political Education during the Liberation War
The research on ideological and political education during this period includes Xi Pei's "On the Party's Ideological and Political Work during the War of Liberation" and Yue Yunqiang and Zhang Yunju's "The Party's Ideological and Political Work during the War of Liberation". Based on current academic research, it can be found that the ideological and political education content of the Party during the Liberation War mainly revolved around the following points: One is ideological and political education for farmers. The ideological and political education of farmers has a contemporary nature, and the educational objectives and tasks are determined by the educational objectives of different historical periods and the specific situation of farmers. Liu Ruihong conducted a systematic exploration of the development process, organizational structure, characteristics, and role of the peasant associations led by the Communist Party of China during the War of Liberation, [28]which is helpful for us to study the Party's ideological and political education work for farmers during the War of Liberation. Zhang Xuefeng pointed out that during the War of Liberation, the CPC, on the one hand, carried out the work of educating farmers from the central task of opposing feudalism, and on the other hand, deployed farmers' ideological and political education from the need of building a new country after the victory of the democratic revolution. [29] The second is the division and disintegration of the enemy army. Tang Guodong analyzed that the work of our army's disintegration of the enemy during this period mainly relied on public opinion deterrence, strength deterrence, various battlefield propaganda campaigns, and internal attacks. [30]Ma Haoruo studied the favorable situation on the domestic battlefield reported by the People's Daily during the War of Liberation, as well as articles by democratic figures and groups opposing Chiang Kai shek's dictatorship and civil war policy. He formed a perception of the prospects of war that "our army is stronger than the enemy" and established confidence in victory. [31] The third aspect is political work in the military. During the War of Liberation, in order to advance the pace of revolutionary victory, the ideological and political education work of the people's army was mainly reflected in the political work of the army. Wang Guangyi and Liu Yanjing pointed out that during the War of Liberation, the People's Army successfully reformed the non proletarian ideology in the army by carrying out class education, situation and task education, policy and discipline education, and made the vast number of officers and soldiers consciously devote themselves to the great revolutionary cause of liberating the people of the whole country. [32] Pan Dali and Zhang Jinyu studied the written works of experienced individuals during the War of Liberation, exploring the construction of the social image of the Communist Party of China's military in daily life, military operations, self construction, and other aspects. [33] The fourth is ideological and political education for party cadres. The ideological education work of the Party during the War of Liberation has always been one of the hot topics studied by scholars. Zhang Nan summarized that during the War of Liberation, the Party's education work for cadres was mainly reflected in further improving the system, consolidating and expanding the united front of democratic education, and moving towards "new regularization". [34]Ouyang Enliang studied the principles and methods of Marxist Leninist theoretical learning during the War of Liberation, from two aspects: integrating theory with practice and concrete practice. He transformed the main battlefield of theoretical learning to fully spread the study of Marxist Leninist theory. [35] From the research of numerous scholars, it can be found that during the War of Liberation, the Party attached great importance to ideological and political education, and the victory of the war cannot be separated from ideological and political education work. This also indicates that our Party's ideological and political education work during this period is worth learning and learning from.
(2) Research on the Function of Red Literature and Art in Ideological and Political Education during the Liberation War Regarding the study of literary and artistic activities in a certain region during the War of Liberation: Song Xikun studied the dramas in the Northeast Jiefang District and pointed out that the dramas played an enlightening, propagandizing, educational and militant role, and had irreplaceable significance for cultural enlightenment, supporting the army and giving preferential treatment to families, joining the army and mobilizing, and promoting production and construction. [36] Research on the ideological and political education function of a specific literary and artistic form: During the War of Liberation, literary and artistic creators used forms such as literature, yangko, drama, stage play, drama, and songs to promote the Party's policies and lines, and provide ideological and political education to the people. Shen Zichao and Ma Jing analyzed the overview and characteristics of military book publishing during the War of Liberation, summarized the experience of military book publishing during this period, and proposed that contemporary military books should strengthen ideological guidance to ensure political direction; Facing the public and considering popularization; Inherit the red tradition and inherit the red gene. [37]Li Jinhui and Weng Youwei studied the revolutionary narrative and political expression of the Communist Party of China's military magazines during the War of Liberation. They summarized that the literary works of these publications highlighted the theme of revolutionary war, reflected battlefield battles, promoted revolutionary heroism, exposed the corruption darkness of the Kuomintang group, and revealed the connection between the People's Army and the people's bloodline, which quickly popularized the revolutionary discourse and class concept of the Communist Party of China. [38]

Research Review
Based on the previous research, the research on the ideological and political education function of red literature and art during the War of Liberation has focused on the following points in the academic community: firstly, the definition of the concept of "red literature and art". Currently, the academic community pays more attention to the research of red literature and art, and the connotation of "red" and "literature and art" is also deeply studied. Although there is no authoritative definition of the concept of red literature and art in the academic community, However, it can be seen from the research of scholars that the red literature and art was developed under the leadership of the CPC, which shows the people's strong sense of mission and responsibility of the times in the historical process of revolution, construction and reform. It should be noted that the connotation of red literature and art is not fixed, but constantly changing and improving in different backgrounds and contexts, with distinct characteristics of the times. The second is the study of the ideological and political education function of red literature and art. Most scholars start with a specific form of red literature and art, such as red literature, red films, red songs, and other single forms of literature and art, to analyze their specific functions reflected in their application; Some scholars have analyzed the characteristics of a specific literary form in their research, and explored the effective functioning of ideological and political education from these characteristics. The third is about the research on the ideological and political education of the Party during the War of Liberation. During the War of Liberation, the Party's ideological and political education work has become more mature, and different strategies and measures are implemented for different groups with different tasks and objectives. The use of red literature and art for ideological and political education has also gained new tasks and characteristics during this period.
Analyzing and sorting out the research of these scholars can also reveal some shortcomings. Firstly, the summary of the ideological and political education functions of red literature and art is relatively fragmented. Although the specific expressions of certain functions of ideological and political education explored by scholars are different, their connotations are generally consistent. Therefore, in this study, the focus will be on summarizing and sorting out the ideological and political education functions of red literature and art, in order to systematize them. The second is the research on red literature and art during the War of Liberation. Some scholars focus on the literary and artistic activities in a certain Jiefang District, and some scholars study the content and characteristics of specific literary and artistic forms during this period, but they are insufficient to explore the ideological and political education function of literature and art during this period. Thirdly, there are relatively few research results on the ideological and political education function of red literature and art during the War of Liberation and its practical implications, leaving a lot of space for the research of this paper.
In this regard, this study will conduct the following research: firstly, in terms of research content, by sorting out the connotation, types, characteristics, and development history of red literature and art, this paper elaborates on the internal connection between red literature and art and the function of ideological and political education, and analyzes the basis for the function of red literature and art in ideological and political education during the War of Liberation from three aspects: theory, history, and reality. On the basis of excavating and interpreting historical materials, this article specifically discusses the specific manifestation of the ideological and political education function of red literature and art during the Liberation War, and finally summarizes its inspiration for the ideological and political education function of red literature and art in the new era.
Second, from the perspective of research, there are more macro analysis in the existing research on the history of ideological and political education of the CPC, and relatively less specific in-depth research on important stages in the history of the party. This topic selects the red literature and art during the War of Liberation, which is to examine, sort out and summarize the historical experience of the CPC in the use of literature and art for ideological and political education during the War of Liberation from the perspective of "literature and art education". From this, we can also see the historical summary of the CPC's literature and art education during the New Democracy revolution, enriching the carrier research of ideological and political education.