Research on the Effectiveness of Ideological and Political Education in Secondary Vocational Colleges in The New Era

: In the vocational education of socialism with Chinese characteristics, it is necessary to cultivate high quality technical and skilled talents and implement the fundamental task of "cultivating virtues and cultivating people". Education as the foundation, moral first, ideological and political education into the implementation of vocational education, ideological and political education to achieve the full, full, all-round role of education. Secondary vocational education plays a fundamental role in vocational education and has great influence on the continuous education of vocational education. However, in vocational schools, the development of ideological and political education theory course has some problems, such as teachers, students, parents' understanding of vocational education deviation, students' bad behavior habits and lack of practical activities. It is necessary to create a good social and school atmosphere, change people's inappropriate understanding of vocational education, teachers of various subjects cooperate with each other, set teaching objectives based on professional characteristics, To set up or perfect the second class of ideological and political education to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education in secondary vocational education.


The Advantages of Improving the Effectiveness of Ideological and Political Education in Vocational Colleges in The New Era
Vocational education is an important venue for training practical talents. In the background of the new era, vocational education needs to adapt to the development of our country's economy and society, and corresponding policies and plans should be adjusted. In addition, the rise and wide application of new media provided policy support and the path for the improvement of the timeliness of ideological and political education in vocational schools.

The policy requirement for the development of vocational education in the new era
With the development of economy and society and the arrival of industrial revolution, the teaching of manual skills is no longer limited to meeting the needs of survival. The arrival of the era of industrial economy requires more people to master more systematic and professional "knowledge of natural science, labor skills and working principles of machines" [1] and so on. Therefore, vocational education in schools emerged. "Vocational education is an important part of the national education system and the development of human resources." [2]"Since the reform and opening up, vocational education has provided strong talent and intellectual support for China's economic and social development." [3] To realize the Chinese dream of a powerful nation in science and technology and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, vocational education needs strong support.
From the founding of New China to the first National Vocational Education Work Conference held in 1986 till now, various policy documents on vocational education have been issued and issued, constantly promoting the development of vocational education. In 2019, The State Council issued the Implementation Plan for the Reform of National Vocational Education, which clearly indicated the development direction of vocational education in the new era and mapped out the blueprint for its development. It should be incorporated into textbooks, attach importance to the ideological and political education theory courses in vocational education entering students' minds, strengthen the education of four histories, patriotism, labor, etc., and strengthen the cultivation of students' professional ethics, accomplishment, behavior habits, professional spirit and craftsman spirit. The ideological and political education should be fully integrated into personnel training programs and professional courses, so as to realize the whole process of ideological and political education, all dimensional and full personnel education, give full play to the role of ideological and political education in casting souls and educating people, strengthen the curriculum of ideological and political theory courses in secondary vocational schools, and improve the quality and effectiveness of ideological and political theory courses.

The rise and application of new media
Different from traditional media, new media, as a carrier of network activities, can obtain a large amount of data information, which plays an important role in strengthening the attraction, appeal and appeal of ideological and political education classes in secondary vocational schools. The Ministry of Education and other nine departments issued documents pointing out that education is the foundation, quality priority. "We will promote reform and innovation in ideological and political work in vocational schools in the new era. Deepen the integration of industry and education, cooperation between schools and enterprises, strengthen the combination of work and study, integration of knowledge and practice, perfect the mechanism of moral technology and education, improve the quality assurance mechanism of multiple co-governance, and promote the high-quality development of vocational education " [4]. Ideological and political education is mainly to solve the problem of what kind of person to train, how to train and for whom to train people. According to the talent training requirements of secondary vocational schools, new media can provide a large number of materials for the teaching of ideological and political education, enrich classroom teaching, create a good classroom atmosphere through videos, pictures, watching high-quality courseware online, and cultivate high-quality technical and skilled talents with good ideological and moral qualities, professional ethics and strong political consciousness. Improve vocational college students' career expectations and employment prospects, so as to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education in vocational colleges.

Existing Problems in Ideological and Political Education in Secondary Vocational Schools
The degree of emphasis and implementation of ideological and political curriculum in vocational education has been further strengthened, but the theory of ideological and political education of the curriculum has not become systematic, the ideological and political education curriculum development and related practical activities are weak, students have not developed habits in ideology and behavior, resulting in poor class discipline among vocational education students. Learning enthusiasm is not high, behavior habits need to be further corrected and improved.

Secondary vocational schools are obviously short and long in comprehensively implementing the Party's educational policy
At present, the understanding of secondary vocational schools for the educational objectives of secondary vocational schools tends to be one-sided and single, many schools regard vocational schools as just learning a skill, technology, so, only need to learn a technical skill has a direct connection with the professional theoretical knowledge and practical courses, the other is not important. On the one hand, although this view is helpful to the determination of goals, but ignores the education to implement the Party's educational policy, ignores the fundamental problems to be solved by education. It neglects the systematic inculcation of students' thoughts and moral principles and the correct guidance of their behavior. The status of technical and skilled personnel in society will continue to improve, and the cultivation of the all-round development of technical and skilled personnel in virtue, intelligence, body, beauty and labor is gradually put on the agenda.
On the other hand, for the cooperation between schools and enterprises is only a form, many secondary vocational schools in enrollment, in order to improve the student source, will emphasize with students and parents that the school is a school-enterprise cooperation model for each major, the school is an order-type enrollment model, employment is professional counterpart, but many are formal explanation, and do not pay the actual. When students practice, they are usually sent to the factory by the school, and there are many cases that they are sent to the factory with different majors.

The ideological and political content of each subject is not reflected and its role is not fully played
In recent years, under the guidance of relevant national education policies, the reform, practice and theoretical exploration of curriculum ideology and politics in vocational education are still in the process of continuous development. Vocational colleges should pay more attention to it, especially the secondary vocational colleges which play a fundamental role. In vocational education, curriculum ideological and political content is often reflected in a rational way according to the actual teaching situation in the teaching process of professional teachers, without a systematic presupposition and preparation before class, so that the content of curriculum ideological and political content is blunt and a little abrupt, and sometimes the content has a large span, which is incompatible with the whole course. Lack of cohesion. On the one hand, this phenomenon is mainly due to the high teaching pressure of teachers of relevant courses. In addition to preparing a large amount of teaching content of this course, they also need to deal with various materials and information. Teachers of various courses do not have more time and energy to systematically prepare and sort out the ideological and political content of the course. On the other hand, curriculum ideology and politics already exist in all subject courses. In vocational education, there are many types of courses, and professional teachers of each course have not fully realized the goal of one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, it is very difficult to organize and systematize the content of curriculum ideology and politics of all courses.

Students' bad behavior habits in secondary vocational schools are more obvious than those in high school education
Most of the students in the secondary vocational education stage are those who have not graduated from junior high school or just graduated from junior high school, or have graduated from junior high school for one or two years. Their learning foundation is relatively weak, and their learning enthusiasm and initiative are insufficient. At the same time, the psychological development of the students at this age is not mature, easy to be affected by the environment. Secondary vocational school students, their bad behavior habits than the students of high school education to show more obvious and more, such as fighting, smoking, drinking, export dirty, so their thoughts and behaviors need more school education to be actively guided, at the same time, but also to lay a good foundation for the next education plan. In order to better promote the students to achieve the all-round development of morality, intelligence, body, the United States labor.

Each educational subject's understanding of the positioning of vocational education appears extreme
Nowadays, many people, students, parents, and even some teachers, all believe that vocational education is mainly to let children learn a skill in school, so that they can get a job directly after school. They think that the most important thing in school is professional theory courses and practical operation courses which are related to their major, while other courses are not important or even necessary. They think that it is not useful after learning it. Their acceptance of professional courses is far greater than that of other courses, and the teachers of professional courses are easier to be accepted by students. Therefore, they have no interest in, or even do not listen to, courses other than specialized courses and practical operation courses. The course of ideological and political education is to be taken by all primary, middle and high schools, and vocational schools are no exception. Therefore, students will not understand, reject, do not accept this course of ideological and political education psychology, thus affecting the ideological and political education in secondary vocational schools classroom teaching and ideological and political education effectiveness.

Ideological and political education work to carry out empty theory, lack of practical activities
In secondary vocational schools, the teaching of ideological and political education shows the problem of empty theory and lack of practical activities. Classroom teaching is the teacher's solo show, the teaching of ideological and political education is text explanation, knowledge pile up, but not through certain, necessary practical activities or personal experience, it is difficult to make the ideological and political education imparts some knowledge to let students understand and accept. For example, the ideological and political education includes patriotism education, four history education, socialist core values education, if only by language teaching, it is difficult to make students truly realize the true meaning of the course teaching, difficult to play the ideological and political education cast soul educating function, no ideological and political education role internalized in the students' hearts, so that students externalized in the practice.

Explore the Path of Ideological and Political Education in Secondary Vocational Schools
In the secondary vocational education, although its teaching focus is mainly to cultivate students' technical skills, but the fundamental task of education is to "cultivate morality and cultivate people", and morality comes first. A person without virtue or ideological deviation, but with strong technical skills, the harm to the society will be greater. Therefore, the cultivation of technical talents should pay more attention to moral education and ideological guidance. Schools, teachers and students, and even parents should change the view of putting the cultivation of technical skills in the first place, and pay more attention to the moral education of students. Therefore, we must pay attention to the ideological and political education to exert influence on students' physical and mental advantages, on the one hand, to lead the education reform of secondary vocational schools in an all-round way. On the other hand, we should strengthen guidance to students of vocational colleges to strengthen their ideals and beliefs, improve the quality and level of professional ethics, and actively promote the spirit of craftsmanship, so that students of vocational colleges can become the basic supporting force for the implementation of the construction of innovation-driven development strategy.

Set teaching objectives according to the characteristics of each major
In the course of ideological and political education theory, the setting of teaching objectives should be designed according to the professional characteristics of vocational education, the teaching content should be designed in combination with the particularity of each major in vocational education, and the internal connection between all aspects of ideological and political education should be well grasped to show the human interest of ideological and political education. Highlight the essence of classroom education, the taste of life, pay attention to ideological and political education classroom education "meaning" imparting, help students to form a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, cultivate students' socialist core values, so that students form a correct view of occupation, have good professional ethics and professional spirit, Lay the foundation for students to accept higher education more actively, and at the same time, also provide vitality for the development of socialist vocational education with Chinese characteristics in the new era. In addition, the evaluation system of ideological and political education in secondary vocational education should be perfected, including the content of students' ideological and moral character into the evaluation system of students' academic performance, and take it as a visual reference standard for students' professional ethics and professional spirit.

Integrate the strength of teachers in all subjects and integrate the parts into a whole
On the one hand, teachers in other professional secondary vocational schools should strengthen their own ideological and political knowledge and ability, have a preset curriculum ideological and political education throughout the process of education, consciously carry out curriculum ideological and political education for students. On the other hand, teachers of ideological and political theory course should communicate with teachers of other majors often to realize the real exchange of teaching ideas and ideas, combine ideological and political theory course with curriculum ideological and political education, under the systematic and theoretical teaching of ideological and political education course, give play to the imperceptible and continuous function of ideological and political education through curriculum ideological and political education. To realize the whole process of ideological and political education, allround education, improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education.

Create a good social and school atmosphere
In September 2020, the Ministry of Education and nine other departments issued documents stressing the importance of holding a good week of vocational education activities, making good use of the communication function of new media through various publicity and display activities, so as to enhance the influence and reputation of vocational education in people's minds, so as to enhance teenagers' confidence and pride in vocational education. Therefore, through the main way of ideological and political education, we should strengthen the vocational education concept of the whole society and the whole mankind from the ideological perspective, establish the thought of labor as the most glorious, and strengthen the teachers, students and parents to pay more attention to vocational education. Inside and outside the school, the organization to carry out the interpretation of relevant policies and the main ideas of propaganda, change people's incorrect understanding and views on vocational education, so that people realize that vocational education is essential to the development of our society, enhance the sense of identity of vocational education, so as to stimulate the enthusiasm of young people to learn vocational technology skills. At the same time, make every educational subject fully realize that secondary vocational education is the basis of higher vocational education and undergraduate vocational education, we should pay attention to the connection between ideological and political education in secondary vocational education, high school and undergraduate vocational education, ideological and political education in secondary vocational education should play a starting role, to change the students and teachers of secondary vocational education for vocational education is only to cultivate students' technical skills. Teachers should set up firm subject belief and political belief, guide students to form a correct ideological and political education subject view, and correctly treat the importance of ideological and political education curriculum for the development of students in vocational schools.

To set up or improve the second class of ideological and political education.
We will stay true to our original aspiration and keep in mind our mission of promoting development. China's vocational education has been passed from word of mouth to hand, such as survival skills and the creation of production tools. No matter what form of vocational education is, life practice is the basis for vocational education. "We will hold well the publicity activities of Vocational Education Week and World Youth Skills Day, further carry out activities such as" Craftsmen from major countries enter the campus ", "model workers enter the campus" and "Campus sharing of outstanding vocational school students", [5]publicize and display the stories and images of craftsmen, skilled craftsmen and high-quality workers from major countries, and cultivate and pass on the spirit of good craftsmanship." In this way, it is conducive to enhance students' sense of career experience, personally understand the connotation of the theoretical class content, and truly achieve the experience of life. According to the curriculum standards, curriculum content, the law of students' physical and mental development, the particularity of secondary vocational education, etc., through the second class, such as organizing volunteer activities, visiting the local red base, watching relevant theme movies and other activities, to enhance students' life experience of ideological and political education content, and effectively achieve the goal of cultivating and practicing socialist core values.

Conclusion
Secondary vocational education is the focus of vocational education development, is an important part of the public service system, is the main way to train high-quality technical and skilled personnel. Therefore, secondary vocational schools should adhere to the fundamental task of cultivating morality and cultivating people, according to the relevant requirements of economic and social development in the new era, closely focus on education to promote the all-round development of students "moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor", cultivate students' good political character, strengthen and sublimate their humanistic feelings, establish a craftsman spirit, and form good professional ethics and physical and mental quality. Strengthen ideological and professional ethics education for students in vocational colleges, optimize and maximize the influence of ideological and political education on students, so as to lay a solid foundation for students' sustainable development.