Homosexual Groups and Mental Health Research Were Reviewed
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/3ptefn69Keywords:
Homosexuality, Mental wellness, Mental disorders, Psychology.Abstract
The study of non-heterosexuality has always remained to be a controversial and open topic for the public and the scientists. Based on the scientific data now, only approximately no more than 5% of the total population is reported to be non-heterosexual, so can be considered as part of the social minority group. Homosexuality was first viewed as a sin in society by the time it was known. Subsequently, homosexuality was categorized as a type of pathology. Following by an abundant of debates among people who argued that homosexuality, regardless of its actual feeling, behavior and expression, was unacceptable, and with those who opposed, it wasn’t until 1973, that homosexuality was officially removed from DSM. Even though homosexuality was now more commonly seen among people, social stigmatization and opposing voices had not been fully eliminated. In fact, it was not surprising to hear that prejudices and stereotypes toward these sexual minority groups, specifically, including gay and lesbian, still exist. It has been hypothesized that homosexual people were exposed to a greater risk of being clinically depressed, feeling stressed, and an increase chances of suicide among these people was measured by hypothesis and various experiments conducted. In this essay, I will identify some of the potential stressors, providing with prevailing models and experiments conducted, that could be explained from both cognitive and social perspective, as well as in terms of genetics.
Downloads
References
Addison, D. (1996). Message of Acceptance: “Gay-Friendly” Art Therapy for Homosexual Clients. Art Therapy, 13(1), 54–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.1996.10759193
Alexander, C. J. (2002). Homosexuality and Risk for Psychiatric Disorders. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 14(3), 103–107. https://doi.org/10.1300/j041v14n03_06
Angermeyer, M. C., Beck, M., Dietrich, S., & Holzinger, A. (2004). The Stigma of Mental Illness: Patients’ Anticipations and Experiences. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 50(2), 153–162. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764004043115
Bailey, J. M. (1999). Homosexuality and Mental Illness. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56(10), 883. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.56.10.883
Drescher, J. (2008). A History of Homosexuality and Organized Psychoanalysis. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry, 36(3), 443–460. https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2008.36.3.443
Frias-Navarro, D., Monterde-i-Bort, H., Pascual-Soler, M., & Badenes-Ribera, L. (2013). Etiology of Homosexuality and Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Parenting: A Randomized Study. The Journal of Sex Research, 52(2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2013.802757
Haarmann, L., Lieker, E., Folkerts, A., Eichert, K., Neidlinger, M., Monsef, I., Skoetz, N., Träuble, B., & Kalbe, E. (2023). Higher Risk of Many Physical Health Conditions in Sexual Minority Men: Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Gay- and Bisexual-Identified Compared with Heterosexual-Identified Men. LGBT Health. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2023.0084
Herek, G. M., & Garnets, L. D. (2007). Sexual orientation and mental health. Annual review of clinical psychology, 3, 353–375. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091510
Lewis, R. J., Derlega, V. J., Griffin, J. L., & Krowinski, A. C. (2003). Stressors for Gay Men and Lesbians: Life Stress, Gay-Related Stress, Stigma Consciousness, and Depressive Symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 22(6), 716–729. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.22.6.716.22932
Lucksted, A., & Drapalski, A. L. (2015). Self-stigma regarding mental illness: Definition, impact, and relationship to societal stigma. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 38(2), 99–102. https://doi.org/10.1037/prj0000152
McKirnan, D. J., & Peterson, P. L. (1989). Alcohol and drug use among homosexual men and women: Epidemiology and population characteristics. Addictive Behaviors, 14(5), 545–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(89)90075-0
Muhammad Hadi Malik, Iqbal, S., Noman, M., Sarfraz, Z., Sarfraz, A., & Mustafa, S. (2023). Mental Health Disparities Among Homosexual Men and Minorities: A Systematic Review. 17(3), 155798832311766-155798832311766. https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883231176646
Mundle, G., Mahler, L., & Bhugra, D. (2015). Homosexuality and Mental Health. International Review of Psychiatry, 27(5), 355–356. https://doi.org/10.3109/09540261.2015.1109790
Pillard, R. C. (1988). Sexual Orientation and Mental Disorder. Psychiatric Annals, 18(1), 52–56. https://doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19880101-15
Pilgrim, D. (2023). British mental healthcare responses to adult homosexuality and gender non-conforming children at the turn of the twenty-first century. History of Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957154x231181461
https://doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.74.4.529
Rosser, B. R., Bockting, W. O., Ross, M. W., Miner, M. H., & Coleman, E. (2008). The relationship between homosexuality, internalized homo-negativity, and mental health in men who have sex with men. Journal of Homosexuality, 55(2), 185–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918360802129394
Ross, L. E., Doctor, F., Dimito, A., Kuehl, D., & Armstrong, M. S. (2007). Can Talking About Oppression Reduce Depression? Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 19(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1300/j041v19n01_01
Ross M. W. (1990). The relationship between life events and mental health in homosexual men. Journal of clinical psychology, 46(4), 402–411. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199007)46:4<402::aid-jclp2270460405>3.0.co;2-q
Sheldon, J. P., Pfeffer, C. A., Jayaratne, T. E., Feldbaum, M., & Petty, E. M. (2007). Beliefs About the Etiology of Homosexuality and About the Ramifications of Discovering Its Possible Genetic Origin. Journal of Homosexuality, 52(3-4), 111–150. https://doi.org/10.1300/j082v52n03_06
Socarides, C. W. (1969). Psychoanalytic Therapy of a Male Homosexual. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 38(2), 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/21674086.1969.11926487
Warner, J., Mckeown, É., Griffin, M., Johnson, K., Ramsay, A., Cort, C., & King, M. (2004). Rates and predictors of mental illness in gay men, lesbians and bisexual men and women. British Journal of Psychiatry, 185(6), 479–485. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.185.6.479
Zijlstra, I. (2014). The turbulent evolution of homosexuality: From mental illness to sexual preference. Social Cosmos, 5, 29-35.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Education and Humanities

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.