Hybrid Learning: A New Learning Model that Connects Online and Offline

: Based on the background of the novel coronavirus pandemic, education is also facing severe challenges. In order to jointly fight against the epidemic, the Ministry of Education implemented the national order of "no suspension of classes and changed the traditional offline teaching into online teaching connected by the Internet, this is a major educational innovation not only in China but also around the world. The rapid development of the Internet accelerates social progress and promotes the development of emerging industries. Likewise, electronic elements are also incorporated into educational facilities and teaching management, which is more convenient and innovative than the traditional educational mode in the past. Thanks to the rapid development of the Internet, we can continue to study in the period of epidemic. Online learning is different from offline teaching. Spatial distance and environmental differences all affect the smooth development of online education. However, every learning mode has many problems at the beginning, and what we need to do is to solve the problems. Therefore, a new learning mode, hybrid learning, has emerged in response to the problems generated by online teaching.


Basic Concept
Blended Learning is translated from Blending Learning. Before the 2lst century blended learning meant the combination of various learning styles: the combination of audio-visual media, slide projection, audio recording and video recording with traditional learning styles using chalk and blackboards, the combination of computer-aided learning with traditional learning styles, and the combination of autonomous learning and collaborative learning styles. Since entering the 2lst century, with the popularity of the Internet and the development of E-learning (i.e., digital or networked Learning), E-learning is added to Blending Learning on the basis of its original connotation, so that blended learning takes on a brand-new meaning. Zhu Zhiting (2003) defined the connotation of blended learning: Blended learning is a learning way that delivers' appropriate 'ability to' appropriate 'learners at 'appropriate' time. Through the application of' appropriate learning technology and' appropriate learning style, so as to obtain the optimal learning effect. This statement explains blended learning in a broad sense and is recognized by the majority of people. Hogham (2004) believes that blended learning "is to combine the advantages of traditional learning and E-learning, That is to say, teachers should not only play a leading role in guiding, inspiring and monitoring the teaching process, but also fully reflect the initiative, enthusiasm and creativity of students as subjects in the learning process ", This statement fully reflects the advantages of online learning, and emphasizes the change of the teacher-student centrality of online learning to the traditional blended learning.

Blended Learning Research Status
Blended learning in domestic colleges and universities can be divided into three categories: generative mixing, accelerative mixing and transformational mixing, as shown in Figure l. Generative mixing is to provide multi-modal teaching media for the same teaching content, so as to facilitate students to choose appropriate learning styles. The two learning styles are unrelated. Promoting mixing is to supplement face-to-face teaching with online learning. The two learning styles are connected with each other, but online learning only provides learning resources and does not change face-to-face learning teaching methods in essence. transformational mixing, online learning and in face-to-face learning will fully integrate and influence each other, fully integrate online learning and face-to-face learning, form a new teaching method and the teaching truly change from teacher-centered" to make student-centered. However, there are still some problems such as the independence of students and students in online earning, the authenticity of online learning effect cannot be verified, and the evaluation of learning activities is difficult to analyze, Therefore, although transformational blended teaching is the best way of blended learning, nearly 70% of teachers in domestic colleges and universities are carrying out blended teaching to varying degrees, while only 10% ~ 20% of teachers are carrying out modified blended teaching.
The blended learning environment crosses between the traditional classroom and the network space, and the learning time and space have the freedom within a certain range of constraints, The teaching process not only exchanges emotions, but also cultivates students' information literacy. Blended learning can integrate personalized learning and cultivate students' composite thinking and communication ability. However, the effect of blended learning is still not ideal, Blended earning not only combines the advantages of online learning and face to face learning, but also comes with the disadvantages of online learning and face to face learning, as well as the difficulties that online learning and face to face learning cannot be fully integrated. First of all, due to the virtual and trans-temporal characteristics of online learning, it is difficult for teachers to supervise the progress of students online learning, and students lack self-control, resulting in a poor learning atmosphere. Students who do not have a positive attitude toward learning will be affected by other online content, and the efficiency of online learning is not high Secondly, when online learning is mixed with classroom teaching. Online learning only serves as a supplement to classroom teaching and is separated from classroom learning, which is far from meeting students' deep learning needs. After teachers assign tasks or students discuss a task comprehensively to determine the topic, many students do their own things without communicating with each other, Even if they have communicated with each other in their spare time, they are not systematic and in-depth.

Construct a New View of Curriculum and Teaching
In the traditional conceptual system of pedagogy, curriculum is under stood as normative teaching content, which is a pre-conceived educational entity or content external to teachers and learners, it defines what teachers teach and even "how to teach". The teacher is the expositor and transmitter of the curriculum, while the learner is the receiver and absorber of the curriculum. In online learning, learners can not only learn the courses and teaching content arranged by teachers, but also obtain a large number of multimedia learning resources through the Internet to carry out individualized learning based on resources. Therefore, curriculum construction should not only pay attention to the construction of "text curriculum" (namely: teaching plan, teaching syllabus, textbooks, etc.,), but also pay attention to the construction of experience curriculum (the curriculum that learners can experience and feel). Emphasis should be placed not only on the construction of explicit curriculum. But also on the construction of implicit curriculum: We should not only pay attention to the construction of compulsory courses, but also to the construction of elective courses, We need to set up a new view of curriculum and teaching, strive to arm ourselves with new educational ideas and advanced educational means, and constantly improve teaching methods to meet the needs of learners, For example, in the implementation of traditional class teaching, we not only need to show students the syllabus, teaching plan, teaching reference, teaching PPT, pre-class teaching content and other explicit course materials through the teaching platform and online learning system; But also through the platform's extended data, evaluation and discussion area module, guide students to carry out discussion and retrieve the hidden information about the course learning.

Re-design the Teaching System
In view of the characteristics of learners' diversified learning needs, complex learner structure and multi-factorial learning motivation in the information society, the instructional design must be learner-centered, pay full attention to the role of learners in the learning process, create a learning environment construction for learners, and realize resource sharing and convenient communication between teachers and students. As a teaching and learning assistant teachers should open teaching resources through the teaching platform to redesign and manage the rich network resources and provide learners to study and discussion, learners can easily obtain the relevant teaching and learning materials and references through the teaching platform in order to carry out independent learning, fully reflect the "close to learners, close to life" teaching concept.

Create Collaborative Learning Situations
In the learning process, social navigation can be used to create a collaborative learning system, provide teachers and learners with a series of management object tools to transfer information, and put the information into the context of learning practice and social role, so as to "know" what kind of operation or behavior the learners have carried out at what time, and keep track of the learning practice activities of the learners across time, To help teachers and learners to have more cooperation in the traditional online learning courses, through the interaction with activities and peers to support learners cooperative learning. Through context-aware cooperative learning systems. Teachers and learners can help other learners construct knowledge through problem-solving learning, facilitating collaborative problem-solving in the collaborative learning process based on problem solving.

Constructing a Perfect Teaching Management System (CMS)
Build a sound teaching management platform or learning platform, such as Tencent Conference, Ding ding, Rain Class, etc., which can not only manage and display course information (such as course outline, homework, evaluation scores, etc.) and course materials, but also build a virtual "F2p learning situation, Teachers and learners can interact through discussion boards. Chat rooms, home-school link, we chat, QQ and other social tools (online or offline of the platform; Through the constructed "F2F learning situation, learners can also perceive the "presence' of instructors and study partners, and teachers can also monitor the learning process of learners and know' whether learners are learning.

Improve the Evaluation Mechanism of Online Learning
learning is a process in which learners actively construct their internal mental representation in the process of interacting with the environment, so evaluation needs to run through the whole learning process and should be based on promoting the development of learner's comprehensive qualities. Comprehensive evaluation content and diversified evaluation methods are needed not only summative evaluation but also procedural evaluation, In traditional class teaching, learners' classroom performance is an essential part of process evaluation; Similarly, in Web-based online earning, learners' online learning and operational process are also important factors and basis for process evaluation. , evaluation information includes user login time, reading forum topics, updating documents or Posting chat messages, etc., For the whole class or individual learners, it makes the teacher understand the progress of the teaching course and how to implement the course teaching As well as determine the next step; For teachers and learners, knowing when to operate, how to operate and what information to release is an important basis for process evaluation.

Strengthen the Cultivation of Information Literacy Ability
Lifelong education has liberated people' s ideas and vision from the shackles of traditional and narrow school education, and receiving higher education is no longer the privilege of a few elites, For most learners, they can acquire knowledge and skills through online learning if they want to, Therefore, modern education should aim at promoting the comprehensive development of everyone's knowledge, ability, psychology, emotion, will, attitude and so on, so that learners can form an independent and critical ideology, and cultivate learners judgment ability, choice ability and self-directed learning ability and development ability. In order to achieve the goal of lifelong education and comprehensive development, it is not only necessary to further improve teachers' information technology literacy ability, master the basic information technology and access to information resources, guide and help learners to obtain learning resources through the Internet and data resource library, but also to train students' information technology application ability. Let teachers and students master the basic information literacy ability, for the smooth implementation of teaching and the realization of lifelong education concept to lay a solid foundation.