Design and Experimental Study of an Arduino-Based Intelligent Building Hot Water Temperature Control System

Abstract

Temperature fluctuations in domestic hot water systems are common in intelligent buildings, and they can affect both user comfort and energy efficiency. In this study, an Arduino-based water temperature control system was developed using a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller. The system includes a temperature sensing module, a control module, and a valve actuation module, which work together to adjust the mixing ratio of hot and cold water and keep the outlet temperature close to the target value. A prototype platform was built to simulate the hot water mixing process in an intelligent building environment. Different PID parameter settings were tested and compared to examine their influence on system performance. The experimental results showed that the system was able to reduce temperature fluctuations and improve temperature stability. The comparison of different parameter settings also showed that suitable proportional and integral actions helped achieve a balance between response speed and control stability. Based on the results, low-cost embedded control technology can be applied to hot water temperature regulation. The proposed system may be useful for domestic hot water management and could be applied in dormitories, apartments, hotels, and other intelligent building environments.