The Impact of Cyberloafing: A Literature Review and Future Prospects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/ez4hda76Keywords:
Cyberloafing; Internet; Workplace deviance; Counterproductive behavior; Systematic literature review; Cyberslacking.Abstract
With the rapid development of the internet on a global scale, the use of internet communication equipment and the digitization of workplaces has accelerated, leading to widespread concern about "cyberloafing". Since 2002, scholars have discussed various aspects and types of cyberloafing, exploring its antecedents, consequences, and mechanisms. In recent years, due to the widespread presence of cyberloafing in management practice, there has been a growing number of studies on its impact, and scholars are increasingly concerned with how to transform cyberloafing into productive behavior for employees and organizations. Therefore, a new and targeted review of the existing literature on the impact of cyberloafing is necessary.In this review, we examine all the studies investigating the outcomes of cyberloafing, integrate existing research, and propose future research directions.
Downloads
References
Gao H, Chong A Y L, Bao H. Metaverse: Literature Review, Synthesis and Future Research Agenda. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 2023:1-21.
Bessen J, Impink S M, Reichensperger L, et al. The role of data for AI startup growth. Research Policy, 2022, 51(5): 104, 513.
Wu J, Mei W, Liu L, et al. The bright and dark sides of social cyberloafing: Effects on employee mental health in China. Journal of business research, 2020, 112: 56-64.
Zhang Y, Liu X, Xu S, et al. Why Abusive Supervision Impacts Employee OCB and CWB: A Meta-Analytic Review of Competing Mediating Mechanisms. Journal of management, 2019, 45(6): 2474-2497.
Lim V K G, Chen D J Q. Cyberloafing at the workplace: gain or drain on work? Behaviour & information technology, 2012, 31(4): 343-353.
Jeong Y, Jung H, Lee J. Cyberslacking or Smart Work: Smartphone Usage Log-Analysis Focused on App-Switching Behavior in Work and Leisure Conditions. International journal of human-computer interaction, 2020, 36(1): 15-30.
Moody G D, Siponen M. Using the theory of interpersonal behavior to explain non-work-related personal use of the Internet at work. Information & management, 2013,50(6):322-335.
Lim V K G, Teo T S H. Cyberloafing: A review and research agenda. Applied Psychology, 2022: 1-44.
Burleson J, Greenbaum B E. When Spheres Collide: A Refocused Research Framework for Personal Use of Technology at Work. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 2019, 45: 411-432.
Kim S J, Byrne S. Conceptualizing personal web usage in work contexts: A preliminary framework. Computers in human behavior, 2011, 27(6): 2271-2283.
Ozler D E, Polat G. Cyberloafing phenomenon in organizations: Determinants and impacts. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 2012, 4(2): 1-15.
Kamins A. Cyberkoaing: Does employee time online add up to net losses? New York Daily News, 1995-10-30.
Lim V K G. The IT way of loafing on the job: cyberloafing,neutralizing and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2002, 23(5): 675-694.
Huma Z, Hussain S, Thurasamy R, et al. Determinants of cyberloafing: a comparative study of a public and private sector organization. Internet research, 2017, 27(1): 97-117.
Lim V K G, Teo T S H. Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore An exploratory study. Information & management, 2005, 42(8): 1081-1093.
Blau G, Yang Y, Ward-Cook K. Testing a Measure of Cyberloafing. Journal of allied health, 2006, 35(1): 9-17
Blanchard A L, Henle C A. Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 2008, 24(3): 1067-1084.
Akın, Ulukök, Arar. Analyzing the Relationsip Between Organizational Justice and Cyberloafing: A Study in a Public University: In RSEP International Conferences on Social Issues and Economic Studies: 4th Multidisciplinary Conference, Prag, 2017.
J-Ho, Ching S, Gan P L, et al. A review of the theories in cyberloafing studies. Advanced Science Letters, 2017, 23(9): 9174-9176.
Venkatraman S, MK Cheung C, Lee Z W, et al. The “darth” side of technology use: An inductively derived typology of cyberdeviance. Journal of Management Information Systems, 2018, 35(4): 1060-1091.
Andrew U, Jessup L M. Web browser, what's that secret you're keeping? Business Horizons, 2003, 46(5): 25-32.
Akbulut Y, Dönmez O, Dursun Ö Ö. Cyberloafing and social desirability bias among students and employees. Computers in human behavior, 2017, 72: 87-95.
Henle C A, Kohut G, Booth R. Designing electronic use policies to enhance employeeperceptions of fairness and to reduce cyberloafing: An empirical test of justice theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 2009, 25(4): 902-910.
Lavoie J A, Pychyl T A. Cyberslacking and the procrastination superhighway a web-based survey of online procrastination, attitudes, and emotion. Social Science Computer Review, 2001, 19(4): 431-444.
Mahatanankoon P, Anandarajan M, Igbaria M. Development of a measure of personal web usage in the workplace. Cyberpsychology & behavior, 2004, 7(1): 93.
Bock G, Ho S L. Non-work related computing (NWRC). Communications of the ACM, 2009, 52(4): 124-128.
Koay, Yeik K, Soh P C, et al. Antecedents and consequences of cyberloafing: Evidence from the Malaysian ICT industry. First Monday, 2017, 22: 3-6.
Metin, U. B., Taris, T. W., Peeters, M. C. W. et al. Validation of the procrastination at work scale: A seven-language study. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 2020, 36(5): 767-776.
Shaddiq S, Haryono S, Muafi M, et al. Antecedents and consequences of cyberloafing in service provider industries: Industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 2021, 8(1): 157-167.
Van den Berg J, Roosen S. Two faces of employee inactivity: Procrastination and recovery. Journal of prevention & intervention in the community, 2018, 46(3): 295-307.
Syrek, C. J., Kühnel, J., Vahle-Hinz, T. ,et al. Share, like, twitter, and connect: Ecological momentary assessment to examine the relationship between non-work social media use at work and work engagement. Work and Stress, 2018, 32(3): 209-227.
Liberman B, Seidman G, McKenna K Y A, et al. Employee job attitudes and organizational characteristics as predictors of cyberloafing. Computers in Human Behavior, 2011, 27(6): 2192-2199.
Andel S A, Kessler S R, Pindek S, et al. Is cyberloafing more complex than we originally thought? Cyberloafing as a coping response to workplace aggression exposure. Computers in human behavior, 2019, 101: 124-130.
Whitty, M. T., Carr, A. N. New rules in the workplace: Applying object-relations theory to explain problem internet and email behaviour in the workplace. Computers in Human Behavior, 2006, 22(2): 235-250.
Beri D N, Anand S. Consequences of cyberloafing—A literature review. 2020, 7(6): 434-440.
Liu L, Zhang C. Cyberloafing at the workplace: effect of Zhong-Yong thinking on mental health and mindfulness as a moderating role. Chinese Management Studies, 2022, 17(3): 529-544.
Luqman A, Masood A, Shahzad F, et al. Enterprise social media and cyber-slacking: An integrated perspective. International Journal of Human Computer Interaction, 2020, 36(15): 1426-1436.
Coker B L S. Workplace Internet Leisure Browsing. Human performance, 2013, 26(2): 114-125.
Anandarajan M, Paravastu N, Simmers C A. Perceptions of personal web usage in the workplace: AQ-methodology approach. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 2006, 9(3): 325-335.
Pindek S, Krajcevska A, Spector P E. Cyberloafing as a coping mechanism: Dealing with workplace boredom. Computers in Human Behavior, 2018, 86: 147-152.
WANG Shuanglong, ZHANG Xinyue. Research on the Mechanism of Internet Wandering Behavior on Job Burnout. Soft Science, 2021, 35(1): 120-125.
Miltsov, A. Resistance, recuperation, or deviance? The meaning of personal internet use at work. New Technology, Work and Employment, 2021, 36(3): 390-408.
Quoquab, F., Mahadi, N., Abd Hamid, S. H. B. Cyberloafing: Does workplace Internet leisure affect employee satisfaction?. In 2015 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT). 2015, 36-38.
Quoquab, F., Salam, Z. A., Halimah, S. Does cyberloafing boost employee productivity?. In 2015 International Symposium on Technology Management and Emerging Technologies (ISTMET). 2015, 119-122.
Khawaja, K. F., Sarfraz, M., Rashid, M., & Rashid, M. How is COVID-19 pandemic causing employee withdrawal behavior in the hospitality industry? An empirical investigation. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights. 2021, 5(3): 687-706.
Batabyal, S. K., Bhal, K. T. Traditional cyberloafing, mobile cyberloafing and personal mobile-internet loafing in business organizations: Exploring cognitive ethical logics. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 2020, 18(4): 631-647.
Koay, K. Y., Soh, P. C. H., Chew, K. W. Do employees' private demands lead to cyberloafing? The mediating role of job stress. Management Research Review, 2017, 40(9): 1025-1038.
Jian, G. Understanding the wired workplace: The effects of job characteristics on employees' personal online communication at work. Communication Research Reports, 2013, 30(1): 22-33.
Baskaran, S., Nedunselian, N., Mahadi, N., et al. An epidemic phenomenon of workplace cyberloafing: Investigations and implications. International Journal of Work Organization and Emotion, 2019, 10(4): 297-321.
Kuem, J., Siponen, M. Short-time non-work-related computing and creative performance. In 2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 2014, 3215-3223.
Sawitri, H. S. R., Mayasari, D. Keeping up with the cyberloafer: How do cyberloafing and creative self-efficacy bear with creativity? Journal for Global Business Advancement, 2017, 10(6): 652-670.
Fichtner, J. R., Strader, T. J.Non-work-related computing and job characteristics: Literature review and future research directions. Journal of Psychological Issues in Organizational Culture, 2014, 4(4): 65-79.
Derin, N., Gökçe, S. G. Are cyberloafers also innovators?: A study on the relationship between cyber-loafing and innovative work behavior. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2016, 235: 694-700.
Kaptangil, K., Asan, K., Kinay, A. G. The effect of the cyberloafing behaviors of tourism business employees on business motivations and organizational identification. Tourism & Management Studies, 2021, 17(1): 31-43.
Elciyar K, Simsek A. An investigation of cyberloafing in a large-scale technology organization from the perspective of the theory of interpersonal behavior. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 2021, 11(2): 1-15.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
