The Influence of Utilitarianism on Moral Behavior and Its Mechanisms

Abstract

This study explored the influence of utilitarianism on moral decision-making and investigate how it addresses the moral dilemmas between intention and outcome. This study aimed to explore the influence of four mechanisms - empathy, sense of responsibility, moral stance, and universalization principle - on the relationship between utilitarianism and moral behavior. Firstly, the present study reviewed and analyzed literature to deepen our understanding of the role of these mechanisms in moral decision-making. Secondly, we will investigate how utilitarianism shapes and influences individual moral behavior through these mechanisms. Specifically, the present study examined how empathy inspires individuals to understand and care about the situation of others and promote helping behaviors; how sense of responsibility makes individuals aware of the impact of their actions on others and society and prompts them to exercise moral responsibility; how moral stance affects individual choice and behavior in moral decision-making; and finally, how the universalization principle encourages individuals to put themselves in other's shoes and think about the consequences if everyone engaged in the same behavior. Through an in-depth study of the interaction between these mechanisms and utilitarianism, we can enhance our understanding of moral behavior and utilitarianism and provide substantial guidance for promoting kinder and more just individuals and society.