The Causes and Interventions of PTSD

Authors

  • Xiangru Qu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54097/tx443e37

Keywords:

PTSD; traumatic events; causes; interventions.

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex condition that arises in response to individuals experiencing traumatic events. It inflicts profound stress on individuals and detrimentally impacts their psychological and physical well-being. This essay aims to delve deeply into the causes of PTSD and propose relevant interventions from both therapeutic and personal perspectives. The causes of PTSD encompass a range of factors, including biological, psychological, and social influences. The damage wrought by PTSD is primarily due to the re-living of the trauma, leading to symptoms such as heightened anxiety, debilitating panic attacks, and a loss of control. Furthermore, social disengagement and diminished enjoyment in life are exacerbated by avoidance behaviors and emotional numbing reactions. Increased vigilance and arousal contribute to physical health problems, sleep disturbances, and persistent irritability. The overall disruption in one's quality of life profoundly affects their relationships, employment, and self-image. Seeking professional assistance from psychological consultants and receiving support from individuals undergoing the recovery process is crucial in preventing secondary harm to patients.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Editor, & Egan, S. J. (2010). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD):causes, symptoms, and treatment. Nova Science Publishers.

Kuch, K., Cox, & B., J. (1992). Symptoms of ptsd in 124 survivors of the holocaust. American Journal of Psychiatry.

Kessler, & Ronald, C. (1995). Posttraumatic stress disorder in the national comorbidity survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52(12), 1048.

Cornelis, M. C., Nugent, N. R., Amstadter, A. B., & Koenen, K. C. (2010). Genetics of post-traumatic stress disorder: review and recommendations for genome-wide association studies. Current Psychiatry Reports, 12(4), 313-326.

Sherin, J. E., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2011). Post-traumatic stress disorder: the neurobiological impact of psychological trauma. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 13(3), 263-278.

Foley, J., & Massey, K. (2019). Police officers and post-traumatic stress disorder: discussing the deficit in research, identification and prevention in England and Wales. The Police Journal, 92(1), 23-34.

Davydow, D. S., Gifford, J. M., Desai, S. V., Needham, D. M., & Bienvenu, O. J. (2008). Posttraumatic stress disorder in general intensive care unit survivors: a systematic review. General Hospital Psychiatry, 30(5), 421-434.

Fang, S., & Chung, M. C. (2019). The impact of past trauma on psychological distress among chinese students: the roles of cognitive distortion and alexithymia. Psychiatry research, 271, 136-143.

Maercker, A, & Horn, A. B. (2013). A socio-interpersonal perspective on ptsd: the case for environments and interpersonal processes. Clin Psychol Psychother, 20(6), 465-481.

Charuvastra, A, & Cloitre, M. (2008). Social bonds and posttraumatic stress disorder. Annual Review of Psychology, 59(1), 301-328.

Elena, Ioana, & Iconaru. (2014). Similarities and differences between evaluation protocols in physical therapy and occupational therapy – a case study. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.

Asmundson, G. J. G., Thorisdottir, A. S., Roden-Foreman, J. W., Baird, S. O., Witcraft, S. M., & Stein, A. T., et al. (2018). A meta-analytic review of cognitive processing therapy for adults with posttraumatic stress disorder. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 1-14.

Shapiro, F. (2011). Emdr, adaptive information processing, and case conceptualization. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 1(2), 68-87.

Downloads

Published

02-03-2024