Ecosystem Assessment Model Based on Multi-Population Complex System Dynamics and Simulated Annealing Algorithm

Abstract

This study explores the unique phenomenon of sex ratio variability in sea lampreys and its ecological significance. Through extensive research on the life cycles and habits of sea lampreys, we developed three distinct mathematical models to analyze the impact of this adaptability on population dynamics and ecosystem stability. The Lotka-Volterra Difference Model revealed that a variable sex ratio can enhance ecosystem resilience by reducing the amplitude of periodic fluctuations and delaying system collapse by 75%, although it accelerates collapse under extreme resource scarcity. The Food Web Model further confirmed the positive effects of sex ratio variability on ecosystem resilience and stability. Conversely, the Multi-population Complex System Dynamics Model, in conjunction with a sensitivity analysis, emphasized the delicate balance between early competition advantages and long-term competitiveness challenges. Overall, our findings elucidate the complex role of sex ratio variability in sea lampreys, offering insights into its ecological importance and potential management implications for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem health.