The Origins of Vietnam’s and South Korea’s Diverging International Strategies

Abstract

Both Vietnam and South Korea were historically tributary states to China and shared similar cultural and political influences. However, in the modern era, their international policies have diverged significantly. Existing research provides detailed analysis on various topics such as the U.S.-South Korea alliance, the role of the U.S. in re-establishing the international order, and the political situations of South Korea and Vietnam. This paper examines the differences in the international policies of Vietnam and South Korea to analyze the background and non-material factors related to social concepts. Based on this analysis, it explores the hierarchical order between major and minor powers within the international environment. The paper argues that despite their historical similarities, differing political backgrounds have led these two countries down markedly different paths. Moreover, internal innovation and domestic conditions are essential factors for national development, as depending on major powers for legitimacy leads only to short-term gains and undermines a country’s potential for sustainable, long-term progress.