A Comparison Between Buddhist Temple Architecture in The Tang Dynasty and In Japan

Abstract

This paper discusses the similarities and differences between Tang Dynasty and Japanese Buddhist architecture by comparing the architectural features of the East Hall of Foguang Temple, a Buddhist temple in the Tang Dynasty in China, and the Golden Hall of Toshodaiji Temple, a Buddhist temple in the Nara period in Japan. First, the two buildings are very similar in structure. Both adopt the mortise and tenon structure and the beam, column, and bracket transmission system of Tang Dynasty architecture, reflecting the simple and majestic style of Tang Dynasty architecture. However, the two buildings are different in terms of roof slope, the location of doors and windows on the wall under the front eaves, and the combination of brackets. Secondly, there are also differences between Tang Dynasty and Japanese temples in terms of overall layout, architectural style, and material selection. Tang Dynasty temples pursued a mysterious realm and liked to be in famous mountains or deep in the suburbs of the city, while Japanese temples were usually built near the gathering of the people and were in spacious and flat areas. The Buddhist architectural style of the Tang Dynasty was complex and gorgeous, while Japanese architecture was simpler and plainer. Finally, this paper believes that Tang Dynasty Buddhist architecture had a profound impact on Japanese Buddhist architecture, but while absorbing the architectural style of the Tang Dynasty, Japan also formed its own unique architectural style.