A Comparative Analysis of Offshore Wind Energy Industries in China and the United States: Policy, Supply Chain, and Development Pathways

Abstract

This paper provides an in-depth comparison of the development status of the offshore wind industry in China and the United States up to 2023. Given the critical role of offshore wind in the global transition to renewable energy, this paper focuses on the comparative progress of the two countries in this area and the drivers behind it. The research methods cover the technical capability, policy environment and supply chain construction of offshore wind energy. The results of the study show that China has demonstrated significant advantages in the offshore wind energy sector, mainly due to strong state support and systematic development planning. In contrast, the United States has lagged in this area, with major obstacles including policy inconsistencies and supply chain problems. Based on these findings, this paper provides insights and recommendations for China and the United States to enhance their offshore wind capacity and jointly contribute to the global goal of carbon neutrality.