Salvation and Enlightenment: The Translation, Introduction and Influence of The Social Contract in China

Qiu Jin

doi:10.54097/2qs91t93

Authors

Qiu Jin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54097/2qs91t93

Keywords:

The Social Contract, Ma Junwu, Yang Tingdong, Translation

Abstract

Rousseau and his "Social Contract" emerged as a focal point of interest for the Chinese intellectual circle during the political crisis in the early 20th century, as they sought inspiration from Western theories. This paper focuses on Rousseau's work "The Social Contract" (referred to as "Min Yue Lun" at that time) and examines its translation and dissemination in China, also delves into the impact of different translations on intellectuals from various classes and to reveal its evolution. Through the analysis of translators including Chomin Nakae, Yang Tingdong, and Ma Junwu, this study observes that these translations not only have demerits but also were initially regarded merely as the tool of revolutionary or salvation. However, over time and changes in politics, "The Social Contract" gradually transformed into a powerful ideological resource, propelling China towards modernization. By studying this topic, readers can not only understand the importance of Rousseau's social contract theory in the Chinese ideological circle, but also infer the process of the dissemination and acceptance of other Western ideas in China through the reactions of intellectuals.

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