Monitoring of Meteorological Drought in the Indochinese Peninsula Based on Satellite Data

Abstract

This study utilizes precipitation data from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission to calculate the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) at 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month time scales. It systematically compares and analyzes the performance and spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of SPI at different time scales in the Indochina Peninsula. The results indicate that SPI at various time scales can reflect both short-term variations and long-term trends of drought events in the region. Short-term SPI (1-month and 3-month) are more sensitive to precipitation anomalies, while long-term SPI (12-month) better reveal the cumulative effects and persistence of regional droughts. Through comparative analysis, this study uncovers the spatiotemporal differentiation patterns of drought events in the Indochina Peninsula, providing a scientific basis for drought monitoring and risk management in the Southeast Asian monsoon region.