Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Digital Protection of Cultural Heritage

Abstract

This study focuses on the application of virtual reality technology in the field of digital protection of cultural heritage, and builds a complete technical system through cutting-edge technologies such as multimodal data acquisition, digital twin restoration algorithm and virtual-reality fusion display system. In terms of multimodal data acquisition, laser scanning (accuracy ±0.05mm), close-range photogrammetry (resolution 5000dpi) and spectral analysis technology are integrated to establish a comprehensive and high-precision data archive for cultural heritage. The digital twin restoration algorithm based on the generative adversarial network achieves a texture matching degree of 92.3% in the restoration of Dunhuang murals. The virtual-reality fusion display system relies on the 5G+VR real-time rendering engine to achieve dynamic light and shadow simulation of the Forbidden City building complex (stable frame rate 60fps). Taking the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Digital Sutra Cave project as an example, a 2.3TB high-precision cave 3D model was built, and the VR archaeological game "Silk Road Secrets" developed increased the user retention rate by 45%. In the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum Terracotta Warriors and Horses Revitalization Project, the accuracy rate of the damage evolution prediction model of the terracotta warriors reached 89%, and the annual reception volume of the VR immersive experience system exceeded 1 million. Studies have shown that virtual reality technology can effectively promote the digital protection and inheritance of cultural heritage and provide an innovative path for this field.