Design Practice and Effectiveness Research of Modular Concept in Sustainable Design of Consumer Electronic Products

Abstract

Faced with the global electronic waste crisis and resource constraints, the sustainable transformation of the consumer electronics industry has become imperative. Modular design is recognized as a pivotal strategy for implementing the circular economy due to its inherent potential in extending product lifespans, facilitating repair and upgrades, and promoting component recycling. This study employs a case deconstruction and mixed-methods research approach to explore the practical implementation and comprehensive effectiveness of modular design. Taking the representative product Fairphone as a case study, the research deconstructs its "design-business-user" triad innovation, revealing specific strategies in modular architecture, standardized interfaces, emotional connection, and service models. By integrating user surveys (N=150, N=15 for interviews) with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) data, the study assesses effectiveness across two dimensions: user behavior (repair intention, loyalty) and environmental benefits (carbon footprint, resource reduction). Results indicate that effective modular sustainable design is a systemic engineering approach that integrates forward-looking design, closed-loop business models, and deep user engagement. Finally, this study constructs an integrated design methodology framework and identifies core challenges—such as technical standardization and industrial ecology—to provide theoretical and practical guidance for sustainable innovation in consumer electronics.