A Review of Research on Dirty Work: Definitions, Perceptions, and Coping Strategies in Stigmatized Occupations

Xiou Gao

doi:10.54097/qzp90184

Authors

Xiou Gao

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54097/qzp90184

Keywords:

Dirty Work, Stigmatized Professions, Coping Strategies, Perception of Non-decent Work

Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the existing literature on "dirty work," a term used to describe occupations that are stigmatized due to their physical, social, or moral characteristics. The concept, first introduced by Hughes in 1951, refers to jobs that are often perceived as socially undesirable or degrading, such as those in funeral services, waste management, or domestic work. The review synthesizes key findings from both theoretical and empirical studies, highlighting the complex ways in which these jobs are perceived by society, their practitioners, and clients. The article categorizes the research into several key themes: the definition and characteristics of dirty work, the perception of non-decent occupations, the sources and consequences of occupational stigma, and the coping strategies used by workers to manage the stigma associated with their roles. The review also explores the multidimensional measurement of dirty work, examining both unidimensional and multidimensional scales used to assess the perceived "dirtiness" of various professions. Furthermore, the paper identifies the psychological and social impacts of engaging in dirty work, focusing on issues such as identity formation, emotional labor, and the impact of occupational stigma on workers' mental health. Finally, it discusses strategies employed by workers to manage their social image and self-worth, including distancing behaviors, information management, and reframing the value of their work. This review highlights the need for further research to deepen our understanding of dirty work's role in contemporary society, emphasizing the importance of integrating both individual and collective perspectives to explore the full complexity of these stigmatized occupations.

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References

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