Study on the Influencing Factors of UAV Rotor Number on Flight Performance

Abstract

With the rapid development of developing situations such as disaster monitoring, logistics and distribution, and smart cities, the mission adaptation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)in complicated environments has become a core issue to be addressed urgently, driving in-depth research on the collaborative optimization of rotor numbers and aerodynamic layout. In dynamic situations, the current rotor configuration models are not very good in terms of prediction accuracy; however, when the number of new energy power systems is integrated with the rotor configurations, there is a weight-efficiency conflict, which prevents the UAV's endurance and mission payload from being further improved. This paper systematically reviews domestic and international research results on the relationship between UAV rotor number and flight performance. By analyzing experimental data and engineering cases, it summarizes the performance of different rotor configurations in terms of flight efficiency, stability, and load capacity. The review shows that the four-rotor structure has good comprehensive performance in conventional applications, while configurations with six or more rotors exhibit unique advantages under special working conditions. In addition to discussing the problems that are still unresolved and the direction of future development in this area, the paper also addresses the requirement of using the multi-rotor system algorithm model and looking into the potential future scenarios of multi-rotor UAVs.