The Effects of Tai Chi on Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Abstract

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal structural disorder of unknown etiology. Besides the visible deformity, it is often accompanied by functional abnormalities such as movement pattern disorders, gait control impairment, and neuromuscular dysfunction, all of which jointly affect overall health and quality of life. Exercise therapy remains an important component of conservative treatment for AIS. Tai Chi, as a traditional mind-body exercise, has increasingly attracted attention as an adjunctive intervention for AIS. Existing evidence suggests that Tai Chi can reduce coronal curvature, enhance lumbar spine mobility, improve spinal stability, strengthen dynamic balance, and contribute to the maintenance of mental health. Its multi-dimensional effects seem to stem from the integration of slow and rhythmic movements, controlled breathing, and posture adjustments that align with spinal biomechanics. Despite encouraging research results, current studies still have limitations in terms of sample size, duration, and methodological consistency, which limit the persuasiveness of the existing evidence. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the application of Tai Chi in AIS and provide a basis for its integration into rehabilitation strategies.