Advances in the Application of Exosomes in the Treatment of Gynecological Malignant Tumors

Xinyun Huang; Hongkai Shang

doi:10.54097/qwr8vz54

Authors

Xinyun Huang
Hongkai Shang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54097/qwr8vz54

Keywords:

Exosomes, Gynecological Malignancies, Cervical Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Endometrial Cancer, Therapeutic Applications

Abstract

Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles with diameters ranging from 30 to 150 nm, widely present in human body fluids and cell culture supernatants. They can carry various bioactive substances such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, mediating intercellular communication and material exchange by targeting and delivering signaling molecules, thereby regulating the physiological functions of recipient cells. In recent years, exosome research in gynecological malignancies has garnered significant attention. They not only participate in tumor initiation, progression, invasion, and metastasis by reshaping the tumor microenvironment, mediating immune evasion, and regulating drug resistance, but also demonstrate immense potential as novel therapeutic targets and drug delivery vehicles in tumor diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment. This review begins with the biological characteristics of exosomes and their regulatory mechanisms in tumors, focusing on their current applications in treating gynecological malignancies such as cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. It systematically analyzes existing challenges in exosome isolation and purification, targeted delivery, and clinical translation, while outlining future development directions. The aim is to provide novel insights and strategies for the clinical management of gynecological malignancies.

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