Systematic Comparison of Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Efficacy Among Different Parts of Rosa odorata var. gigantea: Stems as a Sustainable Medicinal Alternative to Roots
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/t3xemq31Keywords:
Rosa odorata Sweet var. gigantea (Coll. et Hemsl.) Rehd. et Wils., UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, Chemical Components, Structural Identification, The Genus Rosaceae, Mass Spectrometry Fragmentation PathwaysAbstract
Gugongguo (GGG) (Rosa odorata Sweet var. gigantea (Coll. et Hemsl.) Rehd. et Wils.) is a perennial evergreen climbing shrub of Rosaceae. Its roots have long been utilized in Yi ethnic traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders like dysentery and diarrhea with remarkable efficacy. However, roots account for a small proportion of the whole plant, and root harvesting causes massive waste of stem and branch resources. To explore stems as potential alternative medicinal parts, this study analyzed the chemical components of GGG roots, stems and fruits via UPLC-Q-TOF-MS combined with GNPS molecular networking, determined total triterpenes and tannins contents by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, evaluated antidiarrheal activities using a castor oil-induced mouse model, and identified core bioactive components via Spearman correlation analysis. Results showed high chemical similarity between roots and stems (28 common components, complete triterpenoid overlap), with no significant differences in total triterpenes and tannins contents. Their small intestinal propulsion rates were comparable and significantly superior to that of fruits. Triterpenoids and tannins were identified as key bioactive components, with a high degree of overlap between roots and stems. This study confirms GGG stems as potential alternatives to roots, providing a scientific basis for improving resource utilization and promoting sustainable development of traditional medicinal resources.
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