COVID-19 vaccination efficacy and safety in individuals with solid tumors or hematologic malignancies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/ebxqxt06Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; cancer; seroconversion rate; safety; COVID-19.Abstract
Cancer patients are immunocompromised, and inadequate antibody response after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (SC2V), which puts them at increasing risk of Covid-19 severe disease. Moreover, the data on adverse reactions in those patients is fragmented and lacking after the SC2V. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and effectiveness as well as safety of the SC2V in those patients. The data for this study was obtained from the Pubmed database, as of August 23, 2023. A total of 614 documents were collected. The period of first, second, third and fourth doses of the SC2V are labeled as T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The serologic conversion rate of the patients following vaccination served as a measure to evaluate the vaccine's immunogenicity. As a result, 17 researchers altogether were included. The effect size (ES) for serological conversion rate of solid tumors (STs) were 0.51 (95% CI: 0.40-0.67), and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.92) respectively, after T1 and T2. The ES for serological conversion rate of hematologic malignancies (HMs) were 0.08(95%CI:0.00-1.61), 0.60(95%CI:0.44-0.82, 0.84(95%CI:0.77-0.93), respectively, after T1, T2, and T3. Comparing the serologic conversion rate between T2 and T3 for STs as well as HMs, it revealed poor outcomes for HMs, which may be related to different types of cancer and treatment regimens. In all studies, local discomfort was the most frequent adverse response. The chemotherapy group had the greatest influence on the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity, compared to other treatments. In conclusion, SC2V is safe and effective for cancer patients.
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