Analysis of Pharmaceutical Therapies for Primary Headache
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/c7jwdg34Keywords:
Primary headache therapies, Migraine pathology, Pharmacology.Abstract
Primary headaches, secondary headaches, neuropathies and facial pains, and other headaches are the four types of headache disorders, in which primary headache disorder includes migraine, cluster headache, tension-type headache, and new daily persistent headache. Pathologies of migraine and cluster headaches are still unclear but possible explanations are proved to be related to trigeminal neurons, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release, and neuroinflammation. This research listed these possible explanations and summarized the basic factors of migraine and cluster headache attacks. Based on the pathologies, various choices of therapies were introduced. This research mentioned typical pharmaceutical therapies for headaches, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, paracetamol, 5-HT1 receptor agonists involving triptan and dihydroergotamine mesylate, opioids, caffeine, and botulinum toxin. Furthermore, new medications in recent studies, including CGRP antagonists and caffeine were noticed as well. Related reliable mechanisms and side effects of all these drugs were highlighted in this review. Realizing the pros and cons of current treating medications is significant for better understanding on mechanism of headaches and designing more effective drugs in order to offer better promise on treating therapies.
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