The growth mechanism and strategies of dendrite in lithium metal anode

Abstract

Lithium metal batteries offer an incredibly high potential energy density when compared to the present large-scale commercial lithium-ion batteries. In recent years, with the development of technology, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries has rapidly reached its theoretical energy density. People are gradually pursuing higher energy density batteries. The negative electrode of batteries, made of lithium metal, has the lowest reduction potential and the highest theoretical specific capacity, which has great research value and a number of possible uses for the creation of secondary batteries with large capacities. However, actual uses may present safety risks. Lithium dendrites, which can result in short circuits, fires, or explosions, and decreased battery efficiency are caused by the ease with which Li⁺ can deposit unevenly on the anode's uneven surface. As a result, this study focuses on the development process of lithium dendrite and analyzes three elements of electrolyte regulation: artificial SEI layer, solid electrolyte, and strategies to restrict the growth of lithium dendrite.