Methods for improving negative electrode performance of lithium-ion batteries under low-temperature conditions

Abstract

The benefits of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), one of the most popular secondary batteries, include their high specific energy, prolonged cycle life, minimal self-discharge, lack of memory effect, and green environmental protection. Although they are now widely employed in a variety of industries, including new energy vehicles, digital devices, aviation, and aerospace, the present range of mainstream commercial products' applications is restricted to settings of normal temperature. Their uses are severely constrained at high temperatures because of a large decrease in energy density and an increase in resistance. One of the crucial factors is the deterioration in the performance of negative electrode materials. This article first explores the problems faced by the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries under low-temperature conditions. Then, the research progress of common negative electrode materials and their reaction mechanisms during LIBs charging were introduced. In addition, methods for improving the performance of low-temperature anodes were emphasized. Finally, prospects for future LIBs under low-temperature conditions were presented.