Exploration and Applications of Carbon Utilization and Sequestration Technologies

Abstract

In recent years, the surge in global energy demand due to rapid technological advances has led to a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in a climate and energy crisis. Against this backdrop, the challenge for the global energy sector is to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of different carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies in order to select the most appropriate method for each situation. This study focuses on Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and ocean sequestration technologies and analyzes their theories, advantages, obstacles, and applications. EOR technology improves the efficiency of crude oil extraction by storing carbon dioxide (CO2) in deep strata and reducing the viscosity of the oil. This technology not only helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also increases the rate of extraction of crude oil, providing a double benefit that makes it a commercially viable technology. However, the challenge with enhanced oil recovery technology is the high cost of facilities, which may limit its development prospects. Ocean sequestration refers to the storage of CO2 in the deep seabed to delay its contact with the atmosphere. The delay in the time of CO2 emissions brings a huge time value. However, ocean storage also has negative impacts, such as excessive CO2 in the ocean leading to acidification of seawater, disrupting the stability of ocean pH values, and ultimately leading to the extinction of deep-sea organisms.