Comparison of three-phase inverter modulation techniques: a comprehensive analysis of SPWM and SVPWM

Abstract

With the increasing utilization of renewable energy sources like solar and wind, three-phase inverters have become indispensable equipment for grid-connected energy systems, sparking significant research interest in the field of power electronics. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of two primary modulation techniques employed in three-phase inverters: Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) control and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) control. The aim is to elucidate their respective advantages and disadvantages, particularly focusing on their performance under various control models. Through a systematic analysis of parameters such as total harmonic distortion under different control schemes including the unity power factor control model, the V/F control model, and the modulation ratio, this paper delves into the operational principles, strengths, and weaknesses of SPWM and SVPWM. Additionally, it elucidates the distinctions between these two modulation techniques and their interconnections. Lastly, the paper provides insights into the future development prospects and identifies potential technical challenges in the realm of pulse width modulation techniques.