Prediction and Distribution of Supernovae in the Epoch of Reionization Universal Model

Abstract

The distribution of SNe during the epoch of reionization is usually determined by the Schmidt-kennicutt law, but the values and specific impact of different SNe types have been ambiguous. This study delves into the impact of Type Ia, Type Ib/Ic, & Type 2 Supernovae (SNe) effect on galaxy formation and distribution during the epoch of reionization, which in turn significantly influences and determines the symmetry and spread of elements, stars, galaxies, and even the cosmic microwave background radiation. The first phase determines the estimated amount of the SNe with neutral (hydrogen) fractions, photo-ionization rate for the H1 region, escape fraction with respect to redshift, and relative distribution of hydrogen number density all predicted by the THESAN simulations. The second phase determines the powers and scale of SNe in the reionization period using PDEs. The last phase calibrates the data on current SN remnants and progenitors such as mass, redshift, and composition to predict the evolution of SNE behavior since the epoch of reionization to contemporary astronomy. Then, using the provided data on SNe, this study will form a constructive model layering all three phases to determine the effect of different types of SNe during the ionization period and their patterns leading to today. Further research using the Nancy Grace Roman Telescope and telescopes specifically built to study redshift (like HERA and JWST) to have smaller error margins and more reliable data to determine a better fit for the distribution and impact of SNe in the Epoch.