Current Progress in The Research of NPM1-Mutated AML

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a mutation in nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) is the most prevalent form, making up around 30% of cases. Because of the several roles that NPM1 plays in preserving normal cell activity, mutations in this protein can have a serious negative impact on the human body by causing anti-apoptosis and cell proliferation, which can ultimately lead to cancer. Numerous therapies have demonstrated efficacy; while they focus on distinct areas, it is envisaged that they may be combined to provide greater results down the road. AML with solely NPM1 mutations has been shown to have better results than AML with co-mutations, while the prognosis of NPM1-mutated AML varies on several parameters. Monitoring for minimal residual disease (MRD) is used to track and forecast the course of AML with a mutation in NPM1. It is anticipated that more studies will help identify new therapy targets while reducing adverse effects. Choosing the proper guidelines and techniques for keeping an eye on this illness. This article focused on the structure and normal function of NPM1 as well as the mechanisms causing AML. In addition, the treatment, prognosis, and monitoring methods of AML based on NPM1 are proposed in this paper, which has a reference role for the treatment of AML in the future.