Comparative analysis of environmental adaptation and individual strategy choice in animal foraging behavior

Abstract

This paper aims to compare and analyze the environmental adaptation and individual strategy choice of different animals in foraging behavior. By selecting lions, antelopes and vultures on the African prairie as the research objects, collecting data by observation and experiment, and using statistical analysis and behavior analysis methods, the foraging behavior of the three animals was deeply studied. The results show that different animals show their unique environmental adaptability and individual strategy choice in foraging behavior. As a top predator, the lion's foraging time and success rate are greatly influenced by food abundance, showing high fluctuation; As a herbivore, antelope has a relatively fixed foraging time and a high success rate. Vultures, as scavengers, have the best foraging efficiency and stability. In addition, food abundance has a significant impact on the foraging behavior of the three animals, while weather conditions have no significant correlation. Behavior sequence analysis reveals the dynamic changes of animal foraging strategies, while principal component analysis further identifies the differences of behavior patterns among different animals. The research in this paper not only helps to deeply understand the mechanism of animal foraging behavior, but also provides a new research perspective and method for ecological protection, animal behavior and other fields.