Hydrogen Energy: Production, Storage and Application

Abstract

With the global demand for sustainable energy rising, hydrogen energy has gained significant attention as a clean and efficient alternative. Fossil fuels are depleting and environmental impacts resulting from their combustion have driven humanity's quest for alternative energy sources. Hydrogen energy is a key choice due to its high energy density and eco-friendly attributes. This paper delves into the current status quo and prevailing technologies associated with hydrogen energy production, storage, and utilization. It scrutinizes dominant techniques such as water electrolysis and steam reforming, despite economic and safety hurdles. Storage strategies encompass compressed gas, liquid, and solid-state methods, each with unique characteristics and use cases. Mainstream hydrogen applications involve fuel cells, hydrogen combustion, and hydrogen-powered engines, demonstrating substantial potential for enhanced energy efficiency and reduced environmental pollution. Despite ongoing challenges in cost-effectiveness, safety, and technological maturity, hydrogen energy continues to hold considerable promise as a major energy source for the future.