Analysis of the Car Model and Ackermann’s Steering Geometry

Abstract

In order to solve the problem of the inside and outside wheels that trace out circles of different radii in a turn, Ackermann's steering geometry was developed. It is a geometric design of the connecting linkage arrangement in the steering of a vehicle to address the steering problems. However, because other factors also influence the design of steering structures, the majority of cars do not have a steering structure that is 100% Ackermann geometry or 100% Anti-Ackermann geometry. The dominant explanation for it has primarily relied on complicated calculations considering the whole structure of a car. In this study, only the most important variable—the slip angle during steering—is taken into account in all computations, which are based on a vehicle force model. Python is used to stimulate the graph and traveling path of the vehicle on lane change and U-turn steering. The research presented in this paper illustrates the significance and distinction between employing Ackerman and Anti-Ackerman geometry and provides guidance on how to select the appropriate steering model for a certain vehicle.