Analysis of urban waterlogging causes and LID techniques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/hset.v5i.749Keywords:
Extreme rainfall; Urban waterlogging; Lower Impact Development technique.Abstract
Global climate has been changing a lot in the past decades. Also extreme weather is more frequent. It results that severe urban waterlogging events happened in more and more region around the world in resent years. It killed so much people and caused tremendous poverty damage on different countries. More attention was paid on causes of urban waterlogging by many researchers. Urban waterlogging is caused by two main factors, meteorological and geological factor and urbanization factors. This review firstly analyzes the factors caused urban waterlogging, which contains meteorological and geological factor and urbanization factor. For meteorological and geological factor, global climate change have been causing more extreme precipitation events. It becomes a great challenge for urban drainage system. Also, people ignored the state of underlying surface, river portion and water storage capacity in urbanization. Those factors caused surface infiltration reducing, runoff increasing and water storage capacity reduction. Therefore, it exacerbates urban waterlogging. In order to solve urban waterlogging, many researches figured out a variety of Low Impact Development techniques (LID). Those techniques were divided into two types: infiltration-based technique and retention-based technique. For the infiltration-based technique, it aims to help city recharging subsurface flow and groundwater. For the retention-based technique, it is an approach that retain rainwater to reduce outflow. Comparing to retention-based technique, infiltration-based technique requires more fund and combination of techniques, but it is more sustainable than retention-based technique. Moreover, the review believe the implementation of the combination with two techniques would solve urban waterlogging more effectively in future. However, there still are some challenges people need to overcome, which contains requirement of substantial funding and unknown costs of maintenance, lack of performance data, and lack of understanding and close cooperation. This review also expects to reduce loss and damage loss of urban waterlogging as far as possible and to achieve combination a variety of those techniques to solve urban waterlogging in future.
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