Monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of ovarian cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/rsadzk43Keywords:
Ovarian cancer, Monoclonal antibodies, Targeted therapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Antibody-drug conjugates.Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a major threat to women’s health, ranking fifth among cancer-related deaths globally. WHO data shows 321,731 new cases of ovarian cancer in 2022. Most patients are diagnosed late. Standard therapies of surgery plus platinum/taxane chemotherapy have poor survival. Chemoresistance leads to recurrence within 18 months in many patients, along with severe toxicities. PARP inhibitors have limitations such as variable efficacy and gaps in non-HRD populations. Monoclonal antibodies have played a pivotal role in cancer therapy for over 50 years and gained prominence with the 1997 approval of rituximab. They offer targeted immunotherapy, classified by origin from murine to fully human and mechanisms like ADCC and CDC. Types include naked mAbs, ADCs, bispecific antibodies, and ICIs. This review covers mAbs targeting VEGF like bevacizumab, FRα like mirvetuximab soravtansine, PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 like nivolumab, MUC16/CA125 like oregovomab, and mesothelin like anetumab ravtansine. It addresses challenges such as resistance and inconsistent biomarkers and future directions, including novel combinations, multi-omics biomarkers, and next-gen mAbs for personalized care.
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