Research on the Optimization of Emergency Material Delivery Routes for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Abstract

The optimization of the distribution path for emergency supplies on the port anchorage ships is a key link in the two-stage collaborative process of "operation allocation + route planning" for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), directly influencing the feasibility and efficiency of the final distribution plan. To address this issue, this paper models the three-dimensional flight path of the UAV using B-spline curves, aiming to minimize the flight path length and penalize violations of constraints. A multi-constraint path optimization model is constructed. To efficiently solve this model, an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is designed. By optimizing the B-spline control points to generate smooth trajectories and introducing adaptive inertia weights, Levy flight, and failure restart mechanisms, the global search and local optimization capabilities are enhanced. Simulation experiments based on Python show that the proposed algorithm can effectively optimize the distribution path of emergency supplies for UAVs, generating shorter and safer flight trajectories. This research provides a feasible path optimization scheme and collaborative management strategy reference for UAV emergency supply distribution in complex marine environments.