Exploring the Reform of Japanese Labor Practices

Abstract

In order to revitalize the Japanese economy, the second Abe Cabinet implemented an economic reform plan known as the "Three Arrows," with labor practice reform being an important component. To improve the relatively poor working conditions of employees, uphold their dignity and legal rights, and promote a positive cycle of economic and social development, Japan has undertaken labor practice reforms with legislative prioritization, government leadership, and cooperation between the public and private sectors. The core policies of these reforms focus on improving long working hours, reducing disparities between regular and non-regular workers to ensure fair employment, and achieving diverse and flexible labor practices. Through these reforms, Japan has enhanced its ability to cope with global economic competition, increased worker motivation and creativity, and partially achieved the integration of economic and social benefits. Some workers have experienced improved working environments, increased income, and the preservation of their dignity. However, challenges remain, such as the differential treatment of regular and non-regular workers and the need for optimization in the labor market structure. The experience of labor practice reform in Japan has certain reference significance for China's transition from relying on demographic dividends to talent dividends and achieving high-quality population development.