Beyond Gamification: A Thematic Analysis of Chinese Users' Discourse About English Learning Apps on Xiaohongshu

Jianing Kang; Yulin Xu

doi:10.54097/f5qdnk71

Authors

Jianing Kang
Yulin Xu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54097/f5qdnk71

Keywords:

Mobile-assisted language learning, English learning apps, Xiaohongshu, Uses and Gratifications theory, Thematic analysis, Chinese social media, Duolingo, Gamification

Abstract

This exploratory qualitative study examines how Chinese users discuss English learning applications on Xiaohongshu, a popular Chinese social media platform. Drawing on Uses and Gratifications (U&G) theory as an analytical framework, the study analyzed 49 user-generated posts discussing five major language learning applications: Duolingo, Baicizhan, HelloTalk, Shanbay English, and Youdao Dictionary. Using thematic analysis of naturalistic online discourse, five major themes emerged: (a) the tension between habit-forming engagement and meaningful learning outcomes, (b) user responses to gamification and monetization strategies, (c) preferences for persistence over perfection, (d) the role of social proof and peer narratives in app adoption, and (e) the practice of combining multiple applications to address functional gaps. Findings suggest that Chinese users actively evaluate, critique, and adapt their use of language learning technologies to meet diverse gratification needs including academic assistance, entertainment, social connection, and convenience. The study contributes to Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) research by providing insight into authentic user perspectives and the social dimensions of app-mediated language acquisition. Implications for app developers, educators, and future research are discussed.

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