Advances in MicroRNA in Sensorineural Hearing Loss
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/vwvrbm90Keywords:
Sensorineural Hearing Loss, miRNAs, Inner Ear, BiomarkersAbstract
Hearing loss is one of the global health burdens, and the increased risk of communication barriers, social isolation and depression poses a significant threat to the quality of life of patients. A report by the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that about 466 million people worldwide are affected by disabling hearing loss, of which 34 million are children [1]. Among them, Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) is one of the common types of hearing loss with a complex pathogenesis, which is usually caused by damage to cochlear sensory hair cells (HCs). Current treatments for SNHL focus on amplifying sound through hearing aids or electrically stimulating auditory neurons through cochlear implantation (CI) for severe to profound deafness; however, neither approach restores the intrinsic sensory hair cells of the inner ear [2]. In recent years, MicroRNAs (Micro Ribonucleic Acids, miRNAs), as key regulatory molecules of gene expression, are involved in the growth and development of cochlear hair cells, and their role in SNHL has gradually become a hot research topic. In this paper, we systematically review the experimental research progress and clinical application potential of miRNAs in SNHL, including the diagnostic value of miRNAs as biomarkers, and the regulatory mechanism in cochlear cell damage and repair, which is helpful to solve the clinical problems of hearing loss.
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