Application and Research of Voltage-Controlled Oscillator in Phase-Locked Loop
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/70mg4863Keywords:
VCO, PLL, CMOS.Abstract
The first PLL chip in history was created by some researchers in the middle of the 1960s. PLL has significant uses in numerous industries, including communication and aerospace, because to its clear benefits. It can accomplish a wide range of tasks at a reasonable cost. This paper delves into the application and study of Voltage-Controlled Oscillators (VCOs) within Phase-Locked Loops (PLLs), crucial components in modern communication technology. Various VCO design techniques, including Colpitts, Clapp, ring oscillator, and CMOS VCOs, are analyzed with a focus on performance metrics such as phase noise and tuning range. The research also presents innovative high-performance VCO designs, showcasing advancements in frequency switching and phase noise reduction. Practical applications of VCOs within PLLs are explored through case studies, highlighting their role in aerospace sensorless control schemes and communication system distributed beamforming. The paper underscores the significance of VCOs in achieving stable frequency outputs and enhancing system performance, offering insights into future advancements in communication technology. Through detailed analysis and case studies, The goal of this research is to support the continuous improvement and enhancement of VCOs in PLL systems.
Downloads
References
Zuhang Wang and Bo Zhou. A 3.37-7.18 GHz Wideband PLL with Multi-core VCO in 180-nm CMOS，2022 IEEE 4th International Conference on Circuits and Systems (ICCS), 2022, 135-139.
Jingyu Han, Yu Jiang, Guiliang Guo, Xu Cheng. An evolution of Colpitts VCO for simultaneous optimization of phase noise and FoM in GaAs technologies, Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 2020, 105: 441-457.
M. Möck, K. Aksoyak and A. Ç. Ulusoy. A Ka-Band Colpitts-Clapp VCO With 30% Tuning Range and High Output Power, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters, 2023, 33(4), 439-442.
M. Z. Jahangir and C. S. Paidimarry. Design of a Novel Charge Pump based Current Starved Ring Oscillator with Reduced Phase Noise. 2023 International Conference for Advancement in Technology (ICONAT), 2023, 1-3.
S. -H. Liu, C. -M. Hung, H. -R. Chuang, T. -H. Huang. A W-band Push-Push VCO with Gm-Boosted Colpitts Topology in 90-nm CMOS Technology, 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology (RFIT), 2021, 1-3.
S. K. Bhagat, A. Basu and S. K. Koul, Simultaneous Measurement of Oscillator Amplitude and Phase Noise using Phase Detector based EPLL, 2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC), 2021, 1-4.
K. Lee, D. Lee, J. Kim and S. Hong. Wideband LC VCO with 39.3 % Frequency Tuning Range for Dielectric Spectroscopy System, 2021 18th International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC), 2021, 39-40.
Yuri Lu, Chunqi Shi, Jinge Li, et al. A 23.4-27.6 GHz “Zig-Zag” VCO with Continuous Frequency Switching for FMCW Radars, 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2022, 3355-3358.
Kai Sun, Junliang Wang, Xuan Wang, et al. A Low Phase Noise 11.8-15.3 GHz CMOS LC-VCO with High-Q Inductor, 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology (RFIT), 2021, 1-3.
Xinlin Xia, Fengjun Chen, Xu Cheng, J, et al. A GaAs Colpitts VCO Using gm-Boosting and Collector-Emitter Cross-Coupling Techniques, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 2020, 67(12), 2873-2877.
Na Xi, Fujiang Lin and Tianchun Ye, A Low Phase Noise, High Phase Accuracy Quadrature LC-VCO With Dual-Tail Current Biasing to Insert Reconfigurable Phase Delay, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 2020, 67(3), 450-454.
Guofei Zhou and Hong Yang. A 2.8 GHz charge-pump phase locked loop in 90nm CMOS, Microelectronics & Computer, 2020, 37(3), 55-59.
Yufeng Hu. Design and research of CMOS high-speed and low phase Noise PLL circuit. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2020.
Guang Yang. Power control and PLL module design for high speed CMOS image sensor. Zhejiang: Zhejiang University, 2020.
Park J-Y, Pérez RL, Ayala CE, Vaughan SR, Warner IM, Choi J-W. A Miniaturized Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Measurement Instrument Based on a Phase-Locked Loop Circuit, Electronics. 2022, 11(3), 358.
Abolhasani A, Mousazadeh M, Khoei A. Fast‐locking PLL based on a novel PFD‐CP structure and reconfigurable loop filter. IET Circuits, Devices & Systems, 2020, 14(8), 1235-1242.
Jinquan Xu, Yutao Du, Boyi Zhang, Hao Fang, et al. Sensorless Fault-Tolerant Control With Phase Delay Compensation for Aerospace FTPMSM Drives With Phase Open-Circuit and Short-Circuit Faults, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2021, 68(6), 4576-4585.
Xiang Qi, Hongxia Liu and Yulun Zhou. A Single-Event-Hardened Scheme of Phase-Locked Loop Microsystems for Aerospace Applications, Micromachines, 2022, 13, 2102.
S. R. Mghabghab and J. A. Nanzer. Impact of VCO and PLL Phase Noise on Distributed Beamforming Arrays With Periodic Synchronization, IEEE, 2021, 9, 6578-56588.
S. S. Susan and S. S. Yellampalli. Design of a High Speed PLL using LC VCO in a 180nm CMOS technology, 2021 2nd International Conference for Emerging Technology (INCET), 2021, 1-5.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
