Comparative Study on Early-Maturing High-Quality Sweet Corn Varieties Introduced from Abroad for Autumn Cultivation in the Pearl River Delta Region

Abstract

This study conducts a comparative analysis of six high-quality, early-maturing sweet corn varieties introduced from international sources, with a focus on their suitability for autumn cultivation in the Pearl River Delta region. The research evaluates these varieties against a range of agronomic traits, including growth period, plant height, ear height, yield, quality characteristics, and disease resistance, using the local variety 'Zhu Yu 2' as a control. The results indicate that the introduced varieties generally exhibit earlier maturation and shorter plant heights, with 'Golden 15' and 'Early Honeysweet' standing out as the most promising candidates for local cultivation due to their superior quality attributes. Despite producing lower yields compared to 'Zhu Yu 2', these varieties demonstrate enhanced sweetness, thinner pericarps, and improved taste, which are highly valued in the sweet corn market. Additionally, they show robust disease resistance, particularly against leaf blight and northern corn leaf spot, which is beneficial for sustainable farming practices. This paper provides valuable insights into the adaptability of internationally bred sweet corn varieties to the subtropical climate of the Pearl River Delta and discusses the implications for local agricultural practices. The findings highlight the potential for these varieties to extend the growing season and improve profitability for farmers, while also emphasizing the need for ongoing breeding programs to optimize yield without compromising quality. The study offers a foundation for future research aimed at developing hybrid varieties that combine the best traits of international and local cultivars, tailored to the unique conditions of the region.