Analysis of Ethereum Ghost Protocol under Blockchain Framework
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/hset.v60i.10347Keywords:
Ethereum Ghost Protocol, centralization, centralization bias, blockchain, Ethereum.Abstract
This article discusses Ethereum Ghost Protocol, a technology that promises faster mining speeds. The Ghost protocol enables different crypto miners to create valid blocks concurrently. The article explains why the protocol reduces the delay in traditional blockchains through stale or uncle blocks. It explains why the Ghost Protocol is faster than Bitcoin. It also introduces areas in which Ethereum Ghost Protocol can work, such as insecure environments and Internet of Things (IoT). Besides, the paper defines centralization bias and explains how the Ghost Protocol solves the problem. Since the Ghost Protocol is decentralized and stores information in multiple nodes, it is more secure. Besides, it is scalable and saves storage space. Despite these benefits, this paper discusses two significant challenges, including slow transactions and difficulties in coding. However, the Ghost protocol will enhance cryptocurrency due to the ease of mining, enhanced security, and other benefits to miners. Overall, the paper suggests the need to embrace the Ghost protocol in the blockchain.
Downloads
References
Antal, C., Cioara, T., Anghel, I., Antal, M., &Salomie, I. (2021). Distributed Ledger Technology Review and Decentralized Applications Development Guidelines. Future Internet, 13(3), 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13030062.
Chen, H., Pendleton, M., Njilla, L., & Xu, S. (2020). A Survey on Ethereum Systems Security. ACM Computing Surveys, 53(3), 1-43. https://doi.org/10.1145/3391195.
Bahga, A., & Madisetti, V. (2016). Blockchain Platform for Industrial Internet of Things. Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 09(10), 533-546. https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2016.910036.
Ritz, F., & Zugenmaier, A. (2018). The Impact of Uncle Rewards on Selfish Mining in Ethereum. IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops, 2018, 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1109/EuroSPW.2018.00013.
Amores-Sesar, I., Cachin, C., & Parker, A. (2021). Generalizing Weighted Trees: A Bridge from Bitcoin to GHOST, 1-27. Retrieved 17 November 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354268684_Generalizing_Weighted_Trees_A_Bridge_from_Bitcoin_to_GHOST.
Nguyen, G., & Kim, K. (2018). A Survey about Consensus Algorithms Used in Blockchain. Journal Of Information Processing Systems, 14(1), 101-128. https://doi.org/10.3745/JIPS.01.0024.
Gencer, A., Basu, S., Eyal, I., Renesse, R., &Sirer, E. (2018). Decentralization in Bitcoin and Ethereum Networks, 1, 1. Retrieved 17 November 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322498293_Decentralization_in_Bitcoin_and_Ethereum_Networks.
Rudlang, M. (2017). Comparative Analysis of Bitcoin and Ethereum (Masters). Norwegian University of Science and Technology. https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2451325/17050_FULLTEXT.pdf?sequence=1.
Natoli, C., & Gramoli, V. (2017). The Balance Attack or Why Forkable Blockchains Are Ill-Suited for Consortium. Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks, 47, 579-590. https://doi.org/10.1109/DSN.2017.44.
Robinson, P. (2020). The merits of using Ethereum MainNet as a Coordination Blockchain for Ethereum Private Sidechains. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 35(e30), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0269888920000296.
Aguiar, L. (2019). Improve dissemination in the Ethereum Network (Masters). Instituto Superior Técnico. https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/1689244997260379/80950_luis_aguiar_dissertacao.pdf.
Kiayias, A., & Panagiotakos, G. (2019). On Trees, Chains and Fast Transactions in the Blockchain. Progress In Cryptology – LATINCRYPT 2017, 1, 327-351. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25283-0_18.
Ritz, F., & Zugenmaier, A. (2018). The Impact of Uncle Rewards on Selfish Mining in Ethereum. IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops, 2018, 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1109/EuroSPW.2018.00013.
Nawaz, A., Peña Queralta, J., Guan, J., Awais, M., Gia, T., & Bashir, A. et al. (2020). Edge Computing to Secure IoT Data Ownership and Trade with the Ethereum Blockchain. Sensors, 20(14), 3965. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20143965.
Parma, J., & Wassvik, C. (2018). Should well-diversified portfolios contain cryptocurrencies? (Masters). University of Agder. https://oda.oslomet.no/oda-xmlui/bitstream/handle/10642/7076/Parma-Wassvik.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y.
Amores-Sesar, I., Cachin, C., & Parker, A. (2021). Generalizing Weighted Trees: A Bridge from Bitcoin to GHOST, 1-27. Retrieved 17 November 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354268684_Generalizing_Weighted_Trees_A_Bridge_from_Bitcoin_to_GHOST.
Kolb, J., AbdelBaky, M., Katz, R., & Culler, D. (2020). Core Concepts, Challenges, and Future Directions in Blockchain. ACM Computing Surveys, 53(1), 1-39. https://doi.org/10.1145/3366370.
Neitz, M. (2020). Blockchains and the Ethical Considerations of Centralization. Digital Commons, 1, 1. https://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1866&context=pubs.
Sompolinsky, Y., & Zohar, A. (2021). Secure High-Rate Transaction Processing in Bitcoin. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/881.pdf.
Son, B., Lee, J., & Jang, H. (2020). A Scalable IoT Protocol via an Efficient DAG-Based Distributed Ledger Consensus. Sustainability, 12(4), 1529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041529.
Xu, Y., & Huang, Y. (2019). MWPoW: Multiple Winners Proof of Work Protocol, a Decentralisation Strengthened Fast-Confirm Blockchain Protocol. Security And Communication Networks, 2019, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3674274.
Zambrano, R. (2017). Blockchain: Unpacking the disruptive potential of blockchain technology for human development, 1, 4-84. Retrieved 17 November 2021, from https://idl-bnc-idrc.dspacedirect.org/bitstream/handle/10625/56662/IDL-56662.pdf.
Turcotte, C. (2019, September 13). Why did transactions on Ethereum become terribly slow? Retrieved from https://hackernoon.com/explainer-why-is-my-ethereum-transaction-taking-so-long-qg1t632cz.
The Value Trend. (2021, October 6). Ethereum: Death by 1000 paper cuts (Cryptocurrency: ETH-USD). Retrieved from https://seekingalpha.com/article/4458739-ethereum-death-by-1000-paper-cuts.
Kiayias A., Panagiotakos G. (2019) On Trees, Chains and Fast Transactions in the Blockchain. In: Lange T., Dunkelman O. (eds) Progress in Cryptology – LATINCRYPT 2017. LATINCRYPT 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11368. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25283-0_18.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.







