Structures, Submodule Topologies and Control Strategies for Modular Multilevel Converter

Abstract

Global energy demand is rapidly increasing, and the limitations and disadvantages of traditional energy sources are becoming more evident. Traditional energy sources are finite, and their sustainability is facing significant challenges. Compared to traditional multi-level converters, modular multi-level converters (MMC) adopt a modular design that divides the entire converter system into several independent sub-modules, each responsible for converting specific voltage levels. This article provides an overview of the theoretical aspects, topology structures, basic operation principles, and output characteristics of multi-level converters. This paper reviews the characteristics and application ranges of different topology structures, highlighting the differences in response speed, output quality, and control complexity. This paper also discusses the advantages and limitations of multi-level converters in various application scenarios. Explored the application of multi-level converters in wind power grid integration and electric vehicle charging systems, emphasizing their energy-saving and environmentally friendly features. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the critical role of multi-level converters in power systems and future energy applications, stressing the importance of their reliability and promising future developments.