Methods for Improving the Mobility of Semiconductor Carriers

Abstract

Semiconductor is the core of the information technology industry and a leading industry supporting economic and social development. Its products are mainly used in various fields such as computers, digital electronics, electrical, transportation, medical, aerospace, and so on. In recent years, the semiconductor application field has been continuously expanding with technological progress, and emerging fields such as 5G, artificial intelligence, intelligent driving, robotics, and drones have flourished, bringing new opportunities to the semiconductor industry. The main properties of semiconductors include conductivity, internal field, carrier concentration, and mobility. These properties are influenced by factors such as the preparation, processing technology, and device design of semiconductor materials. Among them, mobility is an important physical quantity that marks the speed of semiconductor carrier movement under the action of an electric field, and its size directly affects the working frequency and speed of semiconductor devices and circuits. For bipolar transistors, high carrier mobility can shorten the time for carriers to cross the base region, increase the characteristic frequency, and effectively improve the frequency, speed, and noise performance of the device. For field-effect transistors, improving carrier mobility is of greater significance. Therefore, this article summarizes different methods for improving semiconductor carrier mobility, including reducing impurities and defects, controlling lattice structure, adjusting doping element concentration, and intermolecular stacking. This page also describes the areas in which semiconductors with high carrier mobility are used, to serve as a reference for future semiconductor research.