The recycling and utilization of new energy batteries

Abstract

As the main energy storage component of new energy vehicles, the retirement tide of power batteries is coming. The large-scale retirement of power batteries has brought huge benefits to the treatment of power batteries challenge. From the aspects of environment, resources and economy, the significance of power battery recycling is expounded, and the current status of power battery recycling is analyzed. It is aimed at strengthening new energy vehicles power battery recycling, from the aspects of improving laws and regulations, improving the recycling system and improving recycling technology, put forward countermeasures and suggestions. At present, the main technologies are mechanical separation technology, pyrolysis technology and wet extraction technology. Mechanical separation technology mainly uses vibration separation, eddy current separation and electrostatic separation methods to separate different substances in the battery. Pyrolysis technology refers to the heating of waste to a certain temperature in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment to decompose organic matter, gas, liquid and solid products. The pyrolysis technology method mainly recovers heavy metals such as nickel and zinc, and the recovery efficiency is high. However, air participation in the operation is easy to cause secondary pollution. Wet extraction technology mainly extracts valuable materials and valuable heavy metals through sorting and sorting, shelling, dissolving in acid and alkali solutions, extraction and ion exchange methods. This technology has a wide range of applications, high recycling rate and little impact on the environment, and is currently one of the mainstream technologies in the field of new energy vehicle battery recycling. However, the process is complex and lengthy, and the recovery of electrolyte and leaching residue is easy to cause secondary pollution, and the recovery cost is high.