Selection and Application of Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer remains a major global health problem, with high mortality and morbidity rates among women worldwide. Breast cancer has diverse molecular and genetic characteristics and therefore requires personalized treatment strategies to improve patient prognosis. Targeted therapies have become the cornerstone of breast cancer treatment, targeting molecular signaling pathways and receptors involved in tumor growth and progression. The present state of targeted treatment for breast cancer, encompassing the disease's triple-negative (TNBC), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+), and hormone receptor-positive (HR+) subtypes, is thoroughly reviewed in this article. We'll go over the reasoning for choosing targeted treatments (such tyrosine kinase inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies) in light of tumor-specific indicators and genetic changes. In addition, the clinical use of these therapies is analyzed, focusing on their integration with treatment regimens, impact on survival, and management of treatment-related side effects. The review also emphasizes the growing importance of biomarkers to guide therapy decisions, the importance of targeted therapeutic resistance mechanisms, and the potential for novel drugs and combination therapies.