Advancements In Carbon Nanotube-Silicon Composites for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Abstract

Silicon (Si) is considered a highly promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its exceptionally high theoretical specific capacity, low operating potential, and abundant availability. However, the substantial volume expansion of up to 400% during charge-discharge cycles, coupled with its low electrical conductivity, poses significant challenges for practical applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), recognized for their superior strength and excellent electrical conductivity, offer a potential solution to these issues. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in two major types of CNT-Si composites: Si-C-CNTs composites and Si-CNTs composites. The review explores common preparation methods and delves into the mechanisms by which CNTs stabilize the Si structure, reduce volume expansion, and enhance overall conductivity. Furthermore, the paper addresses the key challenges associated with the commercialization of CNT-Si composites and discusses potential strategies to overcome these barriers. This review aims to offer valuable insights into the development and commercialization of next-generation anode materials for high-performance LIBs.