The Principle and Derivation of Mrna Vaccine

Abstract

Research has focused on mRNA vaccine in recent years. The outbreak and spread of covid-19 have also spurred research on mRNA vaccines. The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine went to Drew Weisman and Kariko Katalin in honor of their holding of US patents relating to the application of immunogenic-free nucleoside-modified RNA. When compared to conventional vaccinations, mRNA vaccines offer additional benefits, it is not only effective against infectious diseases, but also against some non-infectious diseases such as cancer. mRNA vaccines also have drawbacks, such as side effects from vaccination. This review will start with the characteristics of various traditional vaccines, and then introduce mRNA vaccines. ’Next, both the manufacture process and reactions after the administration of mRNA vaccine are discussed – Externally produced RNA is injected into the body, endocytosed by cells, and converted into immunostimulating proteins by ribosomes, then the body will identify and destroy the corresponding pathogen or cancer cells. By taking two diseases and corresponding mRNA vaccines as examples, the advantages and disadvantages of mRNA vacciniation are presented, like quick effect and side effects such as thrombosis, thrombocytopenia and so on. Finally, I will talk about the preparation methods of mRNA vaccines that are different from traditional vaccines.