The Principle and Practical Progress of 3D Printing Technology in Knee Joint and Meniscus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54097/zp583126Keywords:
3D printing, knee joint, meniscus.Abstract
Repairing meniscus tears poses significant challenges, impacting normal knee joint movement and potentially leading to secondary osteoarthritis over time. The limited availability of donor tissue, coupled with issues such as graft rejection, results in an inadequate supply for meniscus tissue replacement and regeneration in patients. This context has led to the development of regenerative scaffolds. Advances in 3D printing technology for cartilage tissue regeneration have enabled the creation of intricate meniscus scaffolds with high precision and biological activity. These scaffolds effectively mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cartilage, ultimately facilitating meniscus regeneration by providing structural support and promoting cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. This paper primarily discusses the applications of 3D printed meniscus tissue engineering scaffolds in regenerative medicine, introducing and comparing various examples of 3D printing technologies and raw materials. Additionally, we examine the performance requirements for meniscus scaffolds, address existing challenges and limitations, and consider prospects in this field.
Downloads
References
[1] Baker B, Gee A, Sheth N, et.al. Meniscus Tissue Engineering on the Nanoscale –From Basic Principles to Clinical Application. Journal of Knee Surgery, 2009, 22 (01): 45 – 59.
[2] Makris E A, Hadidi P, Athanasiou K A. The knee meniscus: Structure–function, pathophysiology, current repair techniques, and prospects for regeneration. Biomaterials, 2011, 32 (30): 7411 – 7431.
[3] Cheung H S. Distribution of Type I, II, III and V in the Pepsin Solubilized Collagens in Bovine Menisci. Connective Tissue Research, 1987, 16 (4): 343 – 356.
[4] Petersen W, Tillmann B. Collagenous fibril texture of the human knee joint menisci. Anatomy and Embryology, 1998, 197 (4): 317 – 324.
[5] Pereira H, Caridade S G, Frias A M, et.al. Biomechanical and cellular segmental characterization of human meniscus: building the basis for Tissue Engineering therapies. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 2014, 22 (9): 1271 – 1281.
[6] Tarafder S, Park G, Lee C H. Explant models for meniscus metabolism, injury, repair, and healing. Connective Tissue Research, 2019: 1 – 12.
[7] Ozbolat I T, Peng W, Ozbolat V. Application areas of 3D bioprinting. Drug Discovery Today, 2016, 21 (8): 1257 – 1271.
[8] Lee J W, Choi Y-J, Yong W-J, et.al. Development of a 3D cell printed construct considering angiogenesis for liver tissue engineering. Bio fabrication, 2016, 8 (1): 015007.
[9] Lind J U, Busbee T A, Valentine A D, et.al. Instrumented cardiac micro physiological devices via multimaterial three-dimensional printing. Nature Materials, 2016, 16 (3): 303 – 308.
[10] Lee H, Han W, Kim H, et.al. Development of Liver Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Bioink for Three-Dimensional Cell Printing-Based Liver Tissue Engineering. Biomacromolecules, 2017, 18 (4): 1229 – 1237.
[11] Duan B, Hockaday L A, Kang K H, et.al. 3D Bioprinting of heterogeneous aortic valve conduits with alginate/gelatin hydrogels. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2012, 101A (5): 1255 – 1264.
[12] Mirabella T, MacArthur J W, Cheng D, et.al. 3D-printed vascular networks direct therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemia. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 2017, 1 (6).
[13] Li H, Liao Z, Yang Z, et.al. 3D Printed Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Meniscus Extracellular Matrix Composite Scaffold Functionalized with Kartogenin-Releasing PLGA Microspheres for Meniscus Tissue Engineering. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 2021, 9.
[14] Lee C H, Rodeo S A, Fortier L A, et.al. Protein-releasing polymeric scaffolds induce fibrochondrocytic differentiation of endogenous cells for knee meniscus regeneration in sheep. Science Translational Medicine, 2014, 6(266).
[15] Suri S, Han L-H, Zhang W, et.al. Solid freeform fabrication of designer scaffolds of hyaluronic acid for nerve tissue engineering. Biomedical Microdevices, 2011, 13 (6): 983 – 993.
[16] Ma X, Qu X, Zhu W, et.al. Deterministically patterned biomimetic human iPSC-derived hepatic model via rapid 3D bioprinting. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2016, 113 (8): 2206 – 2211.
[17] Baino F, Fiume E. 3D Printing of Hierarchical Scaffolds Based on Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses (MBGs)—Fundamentals and Applications. Materials, 2020, 13(7): 1688.
[18] Chen M, Li Y, Liu S, et.al. Hierarchical macro-microporous WPU-ECM scaffolds combined with Microfracture Promote in Situ Articular Cartilage Regeneration in Rabbits. Bioactive Materials, Elsevier BV, 2021, 6 (7): 1932 – 1944.
[19] Pescosolido L, Vermonden T, Malda J, et.al. In situ forming IPN hydrogels of calcium alginate and dextran-HEMA for biomedical applications. Acta Biomaterialia, Elsevier BV, 2011, 7 (4): 1627 – 1633.
[20] Colosi C, Shin S R, Manoharan V, et.al. Microfluidic Bioprinting of Heterogeneous 3D Tissue Constructs Using Low-Viscosity Bioink. Advanced Materials, 2015, 28 (4): 677 – 684.
[21] Gudapati H, Dey M, Ozbolat I. A comprehensive review on droplet-based bioprinting: Past, present and future. Biomaterials, 2016, 102: 20 – 42.
[22] Bol R J M, Šavija B. Micromechanical Models for FDM 3D-Printed Polymers: A Review. Polymers, 2023, 15 (23): 4497.
[23] Wang, Zhao, Fuh, et.al. Effect of Porosity on Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Polymers: Experiments and Micromechanical Modeling Based on X-Ray Computed Tomography Analysis. Polymers, 2019, 11 (7): 1154.
[24] Rajan K, Samykano M, Kadirgama K, et.al. Fused deposition modeling: process, materials, parameters, properties, and applications. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2022, 120.
[25] Wubneh A, Tsekoura E K, Ayranci C, et.al. Current state of fabrication technologies and materials for bone tissue engineering. Acta Biomaterialia, 2018, 80: 1 – 30.
[26] Liu W, Wang D, Huang J, et.al. Low-temperature deposition manufacturing: A novel and promising rapid prototyping technology for the fabrication of tissue-engineered scaffold. Materials Science and Engineering: C, Elsevier BV, 2017, 70: 976 – 982.
[27] Lee S, Son M, Lee J, et.al. Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis and Empirical Evaluation of Carboxymethylcellulose/Alginate 3D Bioprinting Inks for Screw-Based Micro extrusion. Polymers, MDPI AG, 2024, 16 (8): 1137.
[28] Yu C, Zhu W, Sun B, et.al. Modulating physical, chemical, and biological properties in 3D printing for tissue engineering applications. Applied Physics Reviews, 2018, 5(4): 041107.
[29] Blaeser A, Duarte Campos D F, Puster U, et.al. Controlling Shear Stress in 3D Bioprinting is a Key Factor to Balance Printing Resolution and Stem Cell Integrity. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 2015, 5 (3): 326 – 333.
[30] Alonzo M, AnilKumar S, Roman B, et.al. 3D Bioprinting of cardiac tissue and cardiac stem cell therapy. Translational Research, 2019, 211: 64 – 83.
[31] Gruene M, Unger C, Koch L, et.al. Dispensing pico to nanolitre of a natural hydrogel by laser-assisted bioprinting. BioMedical Engineering OnLine, 2011, 10 (1): 19.
[32] Zhang A P, Qu X, Soman P, et.al. Rapid Fabrication of Complex 3D Extracellular Microenvironments by Dynamic Optical Projection Stereolithography. Advanced Materials, 2012, 24 (31): 4266 – 4270.
[33] Huang J, Qin Q, Wang J. A Review of Stereolithography: Processes and Systems. Processes, 2020, 8 (9): 1138.
[34] Janusziewicz R, Tumbleston J R, Quintanilla A L, et.al. Layerless fabrication with continuous liquid interface production. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2016, 113 (42): 11703 – 11708.
[35] Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, et.al. Recent Progress of the Vat Photopolymerization Technique in Tissue Engineering: A Brief Review of Mechanisms, Methods, Materials, and Applications. Polymers, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2023, 15 (19): 3940 – 3940.
[36] Mondschein R J, Kanitkar A, Williams C B, et.al. Polymer structure-property requirements for stereolithographic 3D printing of soft tissue engineering scaffolds. Biomaterials, 2017, 140: 170 – 188.
[37] Li Z, Wu N, Cheng J, et.al. Biomechanically, structurally and functionally meticulously tailored polycaprolactone/silk fibroin scaffold for meniscus regeneration. Theragnostic, 2020, 10 (11): 5090 – 5106.
[38] Li Y, Chen M, Zhou W, et.al. Cell-free 3D wet-electrospun PCL/silk fibroin/Sr2+ scaffold promotes successful total meniscus regeneration in a rabbit model. Acta Biomaterialia, Elsevier BV, 2020, 113: 196 – 209.
[39] Xu Z, Zhang Q, Fan C, et.al. A gel microparticle-based self-thickening strategy for 3D printing high-modulus hydrogels skeleton cushioned with PNAGA hydrogel mimicking anisotropic mechanics of meniscus. Bioactive Materials, 2023, 26: 64 – 76.
[40] Esmaeili J, Maedeh Rahimnejad, Riaz M, et.al. Development of 3D-printed biocompatible materials for meniscus substitution. Elsevier eBooks, Elsevier BV, 2024: 487 – 506.
[41] Guo W, Chen M, Wang Z, et. al. 3D-printed cell-free PCL–MECM scaffold with biomimetic micro-structure and micro-environment to enhance in situ meniscus regeneration. Bioactive Materials, 2021, 6 (10): 3620 – 3633.
[42] Chen M, Wu J, Yin H, et.al. [Construction of a novel tissue engineered meniscus scaffold based on low temperature deposition three-dimenisonal printing technology]. PubMed, National Institutes of Health, 2024, 38 (6): 748 – 754.
[43] Massonie M, Coline Pinese, Simon M, et.al. Biodegradable Tyramine Functional Gelatin/6 Arms-PLA Inks Compatible with 3D Two Photon-Polymerization Printing and Meniscus Tissue Regeneration. Biomacromolecules, American Chemical Society, 2024.
[44] Zhang Z-Z, Jiang D, Ding J, et.al. Role of scaffold means pore size in meniscus regeneration. 2016, 43: 314 – 326.
[45] Gopinathan J, Pillai M M, Shanthakumari S, et.al. Carbon nanofiber amalgamated 3D poly-ε-caprolactone scaffold functionalized porous-nanoarchitectures for human meniscal tissue engineering: In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility studies. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 2018, 14 (7): 2247 – 2258.
[46] Sooriyaarachchi D, Wu J, Feng A, et.al. Hybrid Fabrication of Biomimetic Meniscus Scaffold by 3D Printing and Parallel Electrospinning. Procedia Manufacturing, 2019, 34: 528 – 534.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
